'AGRICULTURAL SURVEY OF EUROPE. 
13 
(See Appendix I for a full discussion of the land reform act by 
Digby A. Willson, United States Consul at Budapest.) 
It is probable, however, that when the financial crisis through 
which the country is passing has been weathered, the cereal areas will 
slowly swing back toward normal and that the present territory of 
Hungary will produce about the same exportable surplus of wheat, 
rye, and other cereals that it produced before the war. We can not 
determine absolutely what that surplus was, but we can make an 
approximation that more or less approaches the actual facts. 
PRE-WAR WHEAT BALANCE: OLD KINGDOM OF HUNGARY. 
In estimating the exportable surplus of wheat from year to year for 
the old Kingdom of Hungary, as a whole, an average consumption 
factor of 292.6 pounds per capita per year was employed. The 
inhabitants of different districts of old Hungary varied greatly in 
religion, race, and dietary habits, so that in discussing the surplus 
or deficit of any particular district, a norm typical of the conditions 
of consumption of that district must be employed. The manner in 
which these norms are obtained is discussed on p. 37 and following. 
In Table 11, the approximate average surplus or deficit of wheat 
for each of the land divisions into which the old Hungary was split 
is given separately: 
Table 11. — Average approximate wheat balance in the different districts that 
comprised the old Hungarian monarchy, 1911-1915. 
Per 
capita 
Area 
sown. 
Pro- 
Net 
Food 
Sur- 
con- 
Pistrict. 
Population. 
Seed. 
duc- 
produc- 
require- 
plus or 
sump- 
tion. 
tion. 
ment. 
deficit. 
tion 
per 
year. 
1,000 
1,000 
1,000 
1,000 
1,000 
1,000 
acres. 
bushels. 
bushels. 
bushels. 
bushels. 
bushels. 
Bushels. 
Hungary ( 1921 boundaries) 
7,606,224 
3,745 
10, 640 
71,308 
60, 668 
40, 462 
+20,206 
15.32 
Transylvania (cededto Rumania).. 
5, 191, 494 
2,324 
6,912 
36,020 
29,108 
26, 705 
+2,403 
5.14 
Slovakia (ceded to Czechoslovakia) . 
2,950,802 
761 
2,264 
13. 758 
11,494 
9,758 
+ 1,736 
3.31 
Ruthenia (ceded to Czechoslovakia) 
574, 385 
106 
316 
1,320 
1,004 
1,688 
-684 
2.94 
Burgenland (cededto Austria) 
296,891 
126 
357 
2,513 
2,156 
1,255 
+901 
4.23 
Croatia Slavonia (ceded to Yugo- 
slavia) 
2,621,954 
827 
2,348 
12, 787 
10, 439 
12,813 
-2,374 
4.89 
Murji (ceded to Yugoslavia) 
183,122 
49 
138 
914 
776 
774 
+ 2 
4.23 
Voivodina (ceded to Yugoslavia). . 
1,411,809 
1,329 
3,774 
24,879 
21, 105 
7,262 
+13,843 
5.14 
Total 
20, 836, 681 
9,267 
26, 749 
163,499 
136,750 
100,717 
+36,033 
4.83 
i Includes Budapest. The estimated per capita consumption of the 880,371 inhabitants of Budapest 
is 6.1 bushels of wheat and 1.34 bushels of rye per year. The rural population is estimated to consume 
about 5.22 bushels of wheat and about 1.41 bushels of rve. 
Note. — The populations in Table 11 are the sum of the populations of the 
counties of each district according to the 1911 census. When a county was 
divided between Hungary and one of the surrounding countries, the population 
accredited in Table 11 to the segregated territory is the total population less 
the population in the portion of the county remaining to Hungary as published 
in "Statisztikai Havi Kozlemenyek," October- December, 1921. Where coun- 
ties were divided between Rumania and another country the population of the 
Rumanian territory as given in " Dictionarul Transilvaniei, Banatului si Celorlalte 
Tinuturi Alipite," Cluj 1921, is taken as final. These figures differ from those 
published by Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia; but only by this procedure can 
an approximate balance be struck. For further discussion of the wheat and rye 
consumption norms of Hungary see note on page 37 and following. 
