14 
BULLETIN 1234, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Table 11 indicates that more than half of the wheat surplus pro- 
duced by the old Kingdom of Hungary before the war originated 
within the confines of present Hungary. More than one-third of the 
wheat surplus originated in the Voivodina, now a district of Yugo- 
slavia, lying in the valleys of the Danube and the Tisza rivers. 
These rivers afford cheap water transportation to Austria and 
Bohemia. 
The surpluses of Transylvania, ceded to Rumania, and of Slovakia, 
ceded to Czechoslovakia, ranged from about 9 to 15 per cent of the net 
suhpub puooocncN - oencrr moouction 
Fig. 3.— Average production of wheat, 1911-1915, balanced against consumption. The numbers represent 
thousands of bushels. The amount of the deficit or the exportable surplus of each district is the algebraic 
sum of the plus and minus numbers within the boundaries of that district. The solid black areas roughly 
outline the regions in which most of the export wheat originated. The shaded areas outline those regions 
whose combined surplus was sufficient to cover the local domestic deficits within the frontiers of the 
old Kingdom of Hungary. These deficit regions are roughly outlined by the unshaded areas. This map 
accompanies Table 11. 
production of each of these districts. These surpluses were com- 
mercially significant, but small compared with central Hungary 
or the Voivodina district. 
The actual amount of the surplus of 36,033,000 bushels is statistical 
and is based upon an average consumption norm of 4. S3 bushels per 
capita per year (compare 4.88 as the average for the period 1909- 
1913, page 38). During the period 1911-1915 covered by Table 11, 
the foreign agricultural trade of the old Kingdom of Hungary was as 
follows : 
