AGRICULTURAL SURVEY OF EUROPE. 
35 
SWINE SITUATION IN 1921. 
According to the census of 1920 there were 2,652,744 swine in 
Hungary as compared with 3,191,868 within the same territory in 
1911, a decrease of 16.9 per cent. In 1921 there was a net import of 
swine into Hungary, mostly from Rumania as indicated in Table 41: 
Table 41. — Foreign trade in swine, Hungary, 1921. 
Country. 
i Imports +. 
Exports — . 
Net. 
Austria 
Number. 
Number. 
9, 751 
730 
Number, 
-9, 751 
German v 1 
-730 
Rumania 
.' 1 lfi.295 
+16,295 
-89 
Other countries 1 
89 
Total 
1 lfi.295 
10,570 
+5,725 
It is probable that cheap pigs from Transylvania are beginning to 
penetrate eastern Hungary. 
SHEEP IN HUNGARY. 
The fine wool sheep, Merinos, are found for the most part on the 
Hungarian plains, chiefly on the large estates in the districts that are 
now known as present Hungary, Burgenland, and Murji. These 
sheep were raised for their wool, and when pasture was plentiful, as 
on trie broad fields of the estates after the grain had been cut, it 
was profitable to graze sheep for wool or meat. But on the small 
peasant holdings a profit could be made only by turning the milk 
to account, and for that reason the primitive coarse-wool milk 
breeds Raczka and Czigaja were found among the peasants. The 
wool of these breeds is coarse, but still marketable. The young 
males are usually killed for their pelts when four or five days old. 
These pelts are similar to the well-known Karakul or to Persian 
lamb. However, the main source of revenue is derived from the 
milk chiefly manufactured into cheese. 
These milk sheep w T ere popular in Croatia-Slavonia, Transylvania, 
and Voivodina and to a lesser extent in Ruthenia and Slovakia, The 
greatest numbers of sheep in proportion to the population were found 
in Transylvania (680 sheep per 1,000 inhabitants) and in Voivodina, 
where there were 433 sheep per 1,000 inhabitants. (See Table 42.) 
Table 42. — Classification and number of sheep in different districts that com- 
prised the old Kingdom of Hungary, 1911. 
Total. 
Sheep. 
Per 
1,000 
in- 
habi- 
tants. 
District. 
Merino. 
Raczka and 
Czigaja. 1 
English and 
other types. 
Hungary (1921 boundaries) 
Transylvania (ceded to Rumania) . 
Slovakia (ceded to Czechoslo- 
Number. 
2,299,463 
3,528,766 
1,020,855 
184,832 
29,381 
850,485 
23,113 
611,277 
Number. 
1,545,835 
424,549 
298,735 
50,312 
18,312 
33,018 
17,137 
104,571 
Per 
cent. 
67.2 
12.0 
29.3 
27.2 
62.3 
3.9 
74.2 
17.1 
Number. 
521,273 
2,905,075 
542,514 
114,715 
3,545 
801,472 
3,982 
477,486 
Per 
cent. 
22.7 
82.3 
53.1 
62.1 
12.1 
94.2 
17.2 
78.1 
Number. 
232,355 
199, 142 
179,606 
19,805 
7,524 
15,995 
1,994 
29,220 
Per 
cent. 
10.1 
5.7 
17.6 
10.7 
25.6 
1.9 
8.6 
4.8 
Num- 
ber. 
302 
6S0 
346 
Ruthenia (ceded to Czechoslo- 
322 
Burgenland (ceded to Austria) 
Croatia-Slavonia (ceded to Yugo- 
slavia) 
99 
324 
Murji (ceded to Yugoslavia) 
Voivodina (ceded to Yugoslavia) . . 
126 
433 
Total 
8,548,172 
2,492,469 
29.2 
5,370,062 
62.8 
685,641 
8.0 
410 
1 Includes " Fat-tail sheep " and Persian lamb of low grade. 
