42 
BULLETIN 1234, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
The survey shown in Table 52 illustrates that on April 1, 1923, 
there were 785,781 estates in Hungary with a total cultivated area 
of 16,118,899 yokes, or 23,372,403 acres. The officials of the Ministry 
of Finance state that a total of 11,402,566 yokes, or 16,533,721 acres, 
of the cultivated area of the country is in a recognized improved con- 
dition and that the value of this area, including farm buildings, has 
been estimated at 5,625,000,000,000 Hungarian crowns. This 
declaration of the finance ministry officials is based on the values 
obtained from real-estate dealers and the National Law Reform 
Tribunal. 
PRODUCTION. 
The 1922 production of the most important agricultural products 
and by-products are summarized in Table 53. This information was 
obtained from the ministries of agriculture and commerce on special 
request of the consulate. 
Table 53. — Production and estimated value of specified agricultural products and 
by-products in Hungary, 1922. 
Product. 
Production. 
Estimated 
value. 
Wheat 
Bushels. 
45,073,598 
21,442,412 
29,876,138 
22,268,113 
32,493,402 
33, 80S, 577 
1,175,787 
220,460 
Short tons. 
632,005 
826,725 
440,920 
8,81S 
74,565 
Gallons. 
115, 470, 805 
3,800,931 
IfiUion 
crowns. 
245,343 
76,254 
49,998 
45 251 
Rve 
Barlev 
Oats 
Maize 
90 792 
Potatoes 
36*860 
4 4^0 
Peas 
1 oso 
Sugar beets 
8,027 
Alfalfa 
22,500 
13,750 
4,500 
Clover 
Broom corn . . 
Sugar (beet) 
70,000 
6 774 
Wine 
Alcohol 
12,000 
Total 
6S7,609 
In the last half of 1922 the exchange value of the Hungarian crown varied between $0.000390 and 10.000978. 
The ministry of agriculture has been endeavoring to educate the 
farming community of Hungary in the benefits which usuallv result 
from modern methods in agriculture. The majority of the farmers, 
however, still continue to follow the primitive methods of their 
ancestors, although the soil chemists at the various experimental 
stations have proved their arguments in favor of modern scientific 
farming. 
At tne experimental station in Kalocsa, about 170 miles from 
Budapest, the wheat which 1ms been scientifically planted this year 
will amount to 16 quintals to each yoke (40 bushels to the acre). 
The farmers have been invited to the station for the purpose of Learn- 
ing the methods employed in scientific farming, but they have refused 
thus far to accept the object lesson given by the Government soil 
chemists. Therefore, it is expected that the general production this 
year will remain around 9 to 10 quintals to each yoke (22.75 to 25.34 
bushels to the acre) providing there is no drought. 
