AGRICULTURAL SURVEY OF EUROPE. 
69 
The population of these districts in 1911 was 13,596,601, so that 
there has been but little net change. However, Bohemia has lost 
117,031 inhabitants and the other districts have gained 116,146, 
showing a net loss of 885. 
Prague, the capital city, with a population of 617,000 lies on the 
parallel of latitude passing about 2 degrees north of Winnipeg, 
Canada. Prague is on a branch of the River Elbe, giving cheap 
barge transportation to and from Hamburg and the North Sea, 
while the River Danube, skirting the Republic's southern frontier, 
fives cheap water transportation to the grain fields of southeastern 
lurope and the Black Sea. 
The western districts of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia are hilly 
to mountainous with valleys of a fair degree of fertility. Before the 
war these districts produced an exportable surplus of rye and barley m 
(malt). Slovakia merges into the great Hungarian plain, and is, 
in large part, good agricultural country producing a surplus of wheat. 
Farther east Kuthenia lies in the foothills of the Carpathian Moun- 
tains, and although this district is of less importance in raising 
grain, it has a very considerable revenue from livestock and forest 
products. 
In the western districts 5,200,000 inhabitants derive their income 
from commerce and industry, while 3,400,000 are engaged in agri- 
culture. The soil is not sufficiently rich and the climate is too 
severe to make it possible for this number of farming people to 
produce enough foodstuffs to feed the total population. So this 
portion of the Republic, which is not agriculturally self-supporting, 
will continue to import an important share of its annual food require- 
ment. 
In Slovakia more than 2,000,000, or 66 per cent of the people, are 
farming peasants. This region does produce a surplus; however, the 
Republic as a whole can be classed only as semiagricultural, 1 although 
41 per cent of the people till the soil. 
In 1922 the productive territory, including forests, was 33,084,622 
acres, or 95.5 per cent (see ^Table 86). The unproductive territory 
was 1,596,333 acres, or 4.5 per cent. 
The people of Czechoslovakia differ widely among themselves in 
race and language. This is illustrated by Table 85 in which the 
population is classified according to mother tongue. 
Table 85. — Native language of the inhabitants of Czechoslovakia in percentages of 
total population. 
District. 
Population. 
Czech. 
German. 
Slovak. 
Ruth- 
enian. 
Polish. 
Others. 
Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia . 
9,996,506 
2,993,479 
605, 731 
Per cent. 
62.0 
.2 
Per cent. 
34.6 
6.3 
12.4 
Per cent. 
Per cent. 
Per cent. 
2.5 
.8 
.1 
Per cent. 
0.9 
51.0 
w 2 
4.6 
43.0 
37.1 
Ruthenia 
44.3 
Total 
13, 595, 716 
45.6 
27.4 
11.2 
2.9 
2.0 
10.9 
1 In Rumania, which is primarily an agricultural state, 79 per cent of the population are farming peasants. 
