AGRICULTURAL SURVEY OF EUROPE. 
97 
eat almost no corn, their diet being mostly rye and wheat. The 
Austrian norm for wheat and rye food consumption was 7.52 bushels 
per capita per year. The wheat consumption was 3.6 bushels, the 
rye 3.92 bushels. This norm was employed by the xVustrian Govern- 
ment before the war in calculating the food requirements of the 
Slovenes and the Dalmatians. The Hungarian norm was 6.13 
bushels of wheat and rye per capita per year. The wheat consump- 
tion was estimated at 4.89 bushels, the rye at 1.24. This norm was 
employed by the Hungarian Government in calculating the food 
requirements of Croatia-Slavonia. Wheat consumption in Voivodina 
was 5.14 bushels and rye 0.76 bushel. Based on Hungarian esti- 
mates the per capita consumption of wheat and rye in Bosnia-Herze- 
govina was about 2.77 bushels per year, which may also be considered 
as the norm for South Serbia. For the old Kingdom of Serbia it 
was 2.25 bushels. In Montenegro, based upon Hungarian data, the 
pre-war consumption of wheat and rye was about 4.07 bushels per 
capita per year. 
Naturally the war placed most of these peoples on very short 
rations even to the point of starvation in some places. Therefore 
at the present time in certain districts the people consume much 
less than these pre-war norms and still are better fed than during 
the time when the country was devastated by hostile forces. This 
is particularly true of the South — old Serbia, Macedonia, Montenegro, 
and the territory between. It also applies to certain of the deficient 
districts which, during the war, were cut off from their usual sup- 
plies of food, although not actually invaded, as, for example, Bosnia. 
Employing the pre-war norms of Austria and Hungary and the 
Serbian norm calculated from the statistics of 1905-1909, and esti- 
mating the south Serbian norm at 2.77 bushels, the following hypo- 
thetical pre-war wheat and rye balance is given in Table 126. 
Table 126. — Pre-war wheat and rye balance in Yugoslavia. 
District. 
Population 
in 1910. 
Norm 
per 
capita 
food re- 
quire- 
ment. 
Gross 
produc- 
tion. 
Seed. 
Net pro- 
duction. 
Food re- 
quire- 
ments. 
Popula- 
tion x 
norm. 
Surplus 
( + )or 
deficit 
Old Kingdom of Serbia ■ 
South Serbia 2 
2,967,401 
1,699,807 
1,411,809 
Bushels. 
2.25 
2.77 
5.90 
1,000 
bushels. 
13,363 
7,172 
26,070 
1,000 
bushels. 
3,120 
1,780 
3,944 
1,000 
bushels. 
10, 243 
5,392 
22,126 
1,000 
bushels. 
6,677 
4,708 
8,330 
1,000 
bushels. 
+3,566 
+ 6S4 
+ 13,796 
Subtotal and total sur- 
plus 
6,079,017 
46,605 
8,844 
37,761 
19,715 
+18,046 
1,092,798 
238,423 
621, 503 
2, 715, 237 
1, 931, 802 
7.52 
4.07 
7.52 
6.13 
2.77 
3,286 
259 
1,256 
15,886 
3,736 
701 
71 
293 
3,096 
920 
2,585 
188 
963 
12,790 
2,816 
8,218 
970 
4,674 
16, 644 
5,301 
-5,633 
-782 
-3,711 
3 854 
Croatia-Slavonia 5 
Bosnia 6 
-2,535 
Subtotal and total defi- 
cit 
6, 599, 763 
12, 678, 780 
24,423 
71,028 
5,081 
13,925 
19,342 
57,103 
35, 857 
55, ")7'2 
-16,515 
+ 1 531 
Total for country and 
net surplus 
1 Including New Serbia. 
2 Including New Macedonia. 
3 Banat, Batchka, and Baranya. 
* Including Prekmurje. 
5 Including Medjmurje and lie de Krk and Kastav. 
6 Including Herzegovina. 
72S96 — 24 7 
