rg AGRICULTURAL ALCOHOL IN GERMANY. 27 
pay to handle. Whether it would pay to raise grain so near Berlin 
without the tariff on cereals, the writer does not know. 
The personnel of the estate of Dahlewitz consisted of about 30 men 
and 40 women. During the potato harvest 40 persons are added to 
this number, and during the winter it is reduced by 30 persons. 
During the potato harvest the children help the adults, who are paid 
for their work by the hundredweight of potatoes handled and not 
by the length of time consumed. In addition, the children are also 
employed during the summer afternoons to pull weeds. A number 
of families reside on the estate, and about 30 of the employed are 
outsiders (Poles, etc.). 
DOMINIUM NEUGUTH-HEINZENBURG. 
A 4-hour ride on one of the fast trains between Berlin and Breslau 
brings one to Liegnitz. If it were not for the pine forests most of 
the country southeast of Berlin would seem like a large sand waste 
from which people here and there are trying to make a bare living. 
It is really necessary to spend the larger part of a brief winter’s day 
in traveling through this country in order to appreciate what has 
been accomplished, for example, at Neuguth. 
From Liegnitz it is a good half-hour’s ride by rail to Leuben, a 
quaint old Silesian town. From Leuben it is a 2-hour ride by wagon 
to the Dominium Neuguth-Heinzenburg. The dominium, having 
been enlarged by the purchase of ten small peasant farms (Bauern- 
giiter), now comprises over 5,670 acres of land (9,000 Morgen), of 
which about 2,835 acres (4,500 Morgen) are forested, mostly with 
pine. Of the slightly larger area not forested, 2,205 acres (3,500 
Morgen) are plow lands (Ackerland), 787.5 acres (1,250 Morgen) 
are meadow land (all hay), 25.2 acres (40 Morgen) are occupied by 
ponds or very small lakes, and 63 acres (100 Morgen) are garden 
land. . 
Diversified farming is practiced. During the season of 1907 the 
crops were as follows: Rye, 756 acres; potatoes, 315 acres; oats, 157.5 
acres; wheat, 63 acres; barley, 63 acres; lupine, 220.5 acres; sara- 
della,‘ 189 acres; clover, 157.5 acres; beets, carrots, etc., 63 acres. 
The inspector, who had served an apprenticeship of five years with 
a scientific agriculturist from Halle, stated that he regarded 315 
acres of potatoes a necessity in order to secure proper soil conditions 
for the necessary rotation of crops of the estate. Every third year 
cultivated crops (Hackfrucht)—that is, potatoes or beets—should be 
used. The result is that 350 pounds more of grain are harvested per 
acre. On the other side of Leuben, where the soil is heavier and 
admits of the cultivation of sugar beets, an increase of 525 pounds 
of grain is obtained. 
1 Saradella is preferred to lupine for light soil. 
