12 BULLETIN 582, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF ACtBICULTUBE. 
DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENSES. 
Table 9 presents the distribution of expenses under the various 
headings. Improvements and new machinery are a surprisingly large 
item. This was due in large measure to the erection of new dwell- 
ings or other buildings by some operators in four of the groups, to a 
considerable extent with borrowed money. The expense for labor is 
thus decreased to a little over one-third of the total expenses. 
Table 9. — Distribution of farm expenses on 91 farms (Utah Lake Valley). 
On 75 farms operated by their owners. 
On 22 farms operated by own- 
ers renting additional land. 
Item of expense. 
First 
group (26 
small 
farms). 
Second 
group (29 
fruit and 
beet 
farms). 
Third 
group (20 
live-stock 
farms). 
Average 
(75 
farms). 
First 
group (8 
small 
farms). 
Second 
group (14 
general 
farms). 
Average 
(22 
farms). 
a 
1 
ffl 
1- 
a 
1 
S-i 
© 
§ . 
Pi 
a 
1 
S-' 
e 
P4 
11 
P4 
P4 
§ 
— — 
- 
a 
© 
P4 
a 
'■^~?. 
IS 
P4 
a 
M 
g 
P4 
o • 
c c 
1° 
a 
H 
c c 
Paid labor and board 
"Farm'lvlfihnr 
$130 
61 
143 
23 
74 
10 
14 
14 
20 
70 
41 
43 
Per 
cent. 
20.2 
9.5 
22.2 
3.6 
11.5 
1.5 
2.2 
2.2 
3.1 
10.9 
6.4 
6.7 
$244 
192 
283 
51 
79 
14 
19 
25 
30 
144 
80 
34 
Per 
cent. 
20.4 
15.2 
24.6 
4.3 
6.6 
1.2 
1.6 
2.1 
2.5 
12.0 
6.7 
2.8 
$397 
218 
267 
59 
221 
19 
8 
5 
43 
175 
65 
97 
Per 
cent. 
25.2 
13.9 
17.0 
3.7 
14.1 
1.2 
. 5 
.3 
2.7 
11.1 
4.1 
6.2 
$245 
154 
231 
43 
116 
14 
15 
16 
30 
127 
60 
54 
Per 
cent. 
22.2, 
14.0 
21.0 
3.9 
10.5 
1.2 
1.3 
1.4 
2.7 
11.4 
5.4 
4.9 
$68 
38 
Per 
cent. 
15.1 
8.5 
$206 
no 
218 
38 
85 
13 
12 
10 
32 
250 
52 
69 
Per 
cent. 
18.8 
10.0 
19.9 
3.5 
7.8 
1.2 
1.1 
.9 
2.9 
22.8 
4.8 
6.3 
$156 
S4 
138 
38 
70 
10 
10 
7 
32 
216 
38 
60 
Per 
cent. 
18.2 
9.8 
Improvements and new 
equipment 
16.1 
Repairs 
38 
44 
6 
5 
2 
31 
157 
16 
43 
8.5 
9.8 
1.3 
1.1 
.4 
6.9 
35.2 
3.6 
9.6 
4.4 
8.1 
1.2 
Seed and fertilizers 
1.2 
.8 
Machine vrork hired 
Interest, taxes, etc 
3.7 
25.1 
4.4 
Stock purchased 
7.0 
Total 
643 
100 
1,195 
100 
1, 574 
100 
1,105 
100 
448 
100 
1,095 
100 
859 
100 
1 Includes decrease inventory. 
Many operators pay members of the family for labor performed in 
rush periods at the same rate as is paid hired labor. The members of 
the family then buy their own clothes. Many men paid a substantial 
wage to grown or nearly grown sons for all work done on the farm. 
In these cases the labor was classed as hired labor. 
The item for machine work hired relates principally to the seed- 
ing of the sugar-beet crop. The factory furnishes seed, machine, 
and labor, and charges $2.75 per acre. No attempt was made to 
segregate the actual cost of the seed, as the work is a contract job at 
a flat rate. The part of this item not covered by the beet seeding 
deals largely with grain-binder and drill hire and that of orchard 
sprayers. The areas in grain are usually very small, and the oper- 
ators fully realize that it does not pay them to keep a drill or binder 
for such small acreages unless they can hire them out to their neigh- 
