FARM MANAGEMENT IN THE PROVO AREA. 27 
if there were much slack after the latter part of September, as their 
harvest is intermittent. Some of the orchardists find them a very 
profitable addition to the cropping system when the farm is favorably 
situated for the hauling. With a good market for peas and snap 
beans they would make an excellent addition. Under the present 
market conditions dry edible beans would do nicely. Beans already 
are grown in very small areas by a few orchardists. 
The large general farms use a little over a third more labor than 
do the small units of this type and grow more than three times as 
many acres of crops. The intertilled area is 2.5 times as large. Many 
men in this group, like some in the small- farm group, concentrate 
largely on beets, and have two-fifths to one-half of the cropped area 
devoted to them. Their labor incomes average two-thirds larger than 
the average for the group as a whole. Most of the large general 
farmers could increase their labor incomes without much extra ex- 
pense for labor by the addition of enterprises which supplement those 
already present. There is danger in the combination of beets and 
tomatoes when these crops occupy a large area because after the first 
time over the tomatoes are picked continuously and must be hauled 
every day. If the available teams can not do this during the beet 
harvest and an extra team can not be hired, that part of the tomato 
crop which is neglected becomes a total loss. Canning peas and snap 
beans would make a valuable addition. In the absence of a demand 
for them dry edible beans are a good filler, as little or no extra labor 
would be needed and the harvest is finished before that of beets or 
the last haying begins, and the grain is all stacked before the labor 
on bean harvest starts. 
Some of these general farms have orchard enterprises of a moder- 
ate size, usually apples. Owing to the character of the beet harvest, 
the labor conflict which seemingly results is not of much moment 
unless the area in one or the other of these crops is unduly large, as 
the harvesting of each crop is an intermittent activity. 
LABOR IN DAIRYING. 
As has already been shown, the dominant type of live-stock farm- 
ing in the Provo area, and the most profitable type of farming, is 
dairying. Compared with the other types, the labor used on the dairy 
farms is much more evenly distributed throughout the year, and 
this is particularly true of the units which engage in winter dairy- 
ing. Instead of being practically idle a large part of the time from 
December until March, the winter dairyman is profitably occupied 
during that time, while the hauling of beet pulp for succulent feed, 
and the spreading of manure, also keeps the horses fairly busy. The 
labor on live stock is heavy until the latter part of April, when the 
feeding of beet pulp ceases and the stock starts gathering the bulk 
