2 BULLETIN 1099, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
TABLE 1.—Production and value of tomatoes shipped from the principal ship- 
ping States in 1919, according to statistics prepared by the Bureau of Maz- 
kets. 
Production. 
State. 
| Tons. Value. 
10) (0) 900 FBR Eee on abe NO ne Ene a ener ie NEE rat Som see Gao uot cacdaae SESE dsce | 58,520] $9,714,320 
Mississip ples <Siees ss on.cceecss (b0 ob se awss Soins « Tas cee ee hee ne ae eae ern ee | 18, 400 1,692, 800 
d Mop Ge EO 5h oe ae gh Re ee EEE eM Jak 2 ae ry Bie eseue Wri Ue ee | 17,700 1, 628, 400 
PATH Co) abt: eminence rer Suen hewn MSN Omens omens |S SBN en orn AUR e obe vcs ama weed | 17,380 729, 960 
Total [2 Maceo es Soe oe Be 2 eS, oven Lee ere a | 112,000 | 13,765, 480 
The heaviest of these car-lot shipments are made during the 
months of March, April, May, and June, although in Florida ship- 
ments in car lots begin in December. Smaller quantities of toma- 
toes are also shipped from Mexico, Cuba, and the Bahamas. These 
very early grown fruits supply the holiday markets in the large 
cities and represent a comparatively high money value. Michigan, 
Colorado, Iowa, New Jersey, and Virginia also produce large quan- 
tities of tomatoes, but their crops are grown chiefly for local con- 
sumption and canning. Their period of production extends from 
about June until the vines are killed by frost in the fall. (Table 2.) 
TABLE 2.—Statistics compiled by the Bureau of Crop EHstimates and the Na- 
tional Canners’ Association on tomatoes used in the United States for manu- 
facturing and canning in 1918, 1919, and 1920. 
Items of comparison. 1918 1919 1920 
ATCA STOW. Bose Oe Lae ae ic See ae Sees CEE acres... 317, 102 195, 645 244,745 
BG) \ eee ee See oe eae en ok Mente iene ss OS tons..| 1,323,059 724, 912 1, 003, 358 
Casesi(eachicontaimine 24 NOs 3 iCan's)/= ems) ase 222) sae ee eres 15, 882, 372 | 10, 809,660 | 11,368, 000 
Somewhat over half of our tomato crop, then, exclusive of can- 
ning tomatoes, is grown in the South and Southwest and shipped 
to the northern markets in the winter and spring months, when a 
good part of the product in transit ‘and on the market is in constant 
danger of freezing. A considerable portion of the crop is usually 
cut short in the fall by early frosts while most of the vines are still 
producing vigorously. 
Many data covering a period of three years have been accumu- 
lated in the Bureau of Plant Industry on the freezing points of a 
number of varieties of tomatoes, in both green and ripe stages; also 
data bearing on the freezing of tomatoes in the field. These results 
are incorporated in this bulletin. 
VARIETIES STUDIED AND RESULTS. 
Freezing points, or the temperatures at which tomatoes freeze, 
were determined on authentic varieties grown by the Department of 
