22 BULLETIN 20, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
leg is back these must be worked forward before delivery can take 
place. Occasionally lambs are delivered backwards. In this case, if 
either leg is bent back the fetus must be pushed back and the hind 
legs pulled out first. If there are no indications of delivery and the 
lamb is considerably overdue it is probably dead, and it must be taken 
from the ewe if she is to be saved. Before doing this the finger nails 
should be closely trimmed and the hands and arms should be 
thoroughly washed in warm water containing from 2 to 3 per cent of 
some good disinfectant. If linseed oil is smeared about the passage 
the lamb can be removed much easier. The hand is inserted into the 
vagina until a hold can be secured upon the lamb, which is then slowly 
and gradually worked out, front feet and head first if possible. When 
it is necessary to remove a lamb in this manner, the ewe should be 
thoroughly washed out with warm water containing a little disin- 
fectant. This can best be done by means of a small rubber hose and 
funnel. Some one who has had experience should be on hand in a 
case like this, as conditions are constantly arising that can not be 
guarded against by written instructions. If the ewe be a valuable 
one, it may be advisable to secure the services of a veterinarian. 
CLAIMING PENS. 
After lambing, the ewe and her lamb, or lambs as the case may be, 
should be placed in a claiming pen if she refuses to own her offspring. 
If left loose the lamb wanders about, becomes lost among the flock, 
and loses its characteristic smell by which the ewe recognizes it. 
She will then refuse to claim it, and the trouble begins. By placing 
them by themselves all of this is avoided and a closer watch can be 
kept upon them to see that all is well. The length of time they 
should be kept in the pen will depend upon how long it takes the ewe 
to become reconciled to her lamb. Usually two or three days are 
sufficient. If the ewe persists in butting the lamb away, she should 
be tied so as to allow the lamb to suck. This soon brings about 
agreeable relations between them. : 
There are two types of pens, temporary and permanent. Tem- 
porary pens are conveniently made of some light material and consist 
of two sides that are hinged together and set up in a corner of the barn 
by the use of hooks (see fig. 5). Rows of these can be placed along 
the sides, if necessary. They have the advantage that they take up 
little room and they can be removed when not in use. 
Permanent pens are more desirable in a number of ways. For 
example, the ewe is more completely isolated from the other members 
of the flock and consequently becomes reconciled to her offspring 
sooner. These pens should be about 4 feet square and boarded up 
tightly so that the ewe can not see the rest of the flock. Lambing . 
pens, in which the ewes are placed before they lamb, are used to some 
