8 BULLETIN 440, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Table 1. — Wages paid in the sugar and yelloiv pine lumbering region of California — Con. 
Large mills. 
Small mills. 
Sau-m ill crews. 
Foreman 
Per day. 
Per month. 
S150. 00-S175. 00 
50.00- 60.00 
50.00 
45.00 
45. 00- 50. 00 
65. 00- 75. 00 
6-5.00 
60.00 
Per day. 
"S3." OOhSS. 25 
Per month. 
$125. 00-150. 00 
60.00 
Scaler 
S2. 50-§3. 00 
Wincfamao 
2.50 
2. 50- 2. 75 
3. 25- 3. 50 
3.25 
3.00 
6. 00- 7. 00 
5.00 
2.50-3.00 
2. 25- 2. 75 
3.75 
2.50 
2. 25- 2. 50 
3.25 
2. .50 
2. 25- 2. 50 
3.00 
60.00 
45.00 
Setter 
3. 25- 3. 75 
2.75- 3.50 
70.00- 75.00 
45. 00- 65. 00 
5.00 
4.00- 4.50 
3.00 
Circular sawver 
45.00- 60.00 
40.00- 50.00 
75.00 
45.00 
40.00- 45.00 
50.00 
3. 50- 3. 75 
70. 00-75. 00 
3.00 
2.50 
2.50 
2.50 
2. 50- 2. 75 
3. 75- 4. 75 
3.25 
65.00 
45.00 
40.00- 45.00 
45.00 
Laborer 
45.00 
45.00 
45. 00- 50. 00 
90. 00- 110. 00 
60.00- 65.00 
65.00 
SO. 00- 100.00 
3.00- 3.25 
3.2o 
5.00 
3.50 
7.00- 8.00 
2.75 
3. 75- 4. 00 
2.50 
2.50 
2.50 
65.00 
Millwright 
75.00 
Filer 
55.65' 
3. 75- 5. 00 
2.75 
3.75 
2.50 
2.50 
2. .50 
50.00 
Sorter 
45.00 
45.00 
Piler 
45.00 
Note. — Board is furnished in addition where the wages are monthly; it is not where they are daily. 
CAMPS. 
TYPES OF CAMPS. 
Both the size and location of logging camps depend upon the type 
of the operation. In most horse logging operations the camps for 
the loggers are at the sawmill: but in railroad and traction opera- 
tions they are placed in the woods along the track and as near the 
logging as possible. To obviate the necessity of long walks to work, 
large logging camps must be moved at intervals of from one to three 
seasons. For this reason the portable camp is supplanting the old 
style permanent type which was torn down or abandoned at every 
move. The old type consisted of large bunk houses, with double 
tiers of bunks down the sides. The initial cost of such camps is 
low, but they can not be moved or kept free from vermin, and the 
men dislike them. 
The portable camp is practically uniform throughout the region. 
The sleeping quarters are frame cabins 10 by IS feet or 9 by 22 feet, 
the former being the usual type on standard gauge operations and 
the latter on narrow gauge. The sides of these cabins are ordinarily 
7 or 7+ feet and the roof half pitch. Low-grade lumber is used in 
their construction. The walls are battened and the roofs double- 
boarded or coA^ered with tar paper. Two skid timbers about 8 by 10 
inches are placed lengthwise under each cabin to serve as a founda- 
tion and to facilitate moving. Cabins of this kind contain about 
