28 
at a turn, depending upon the size of the logs and the power of the 
machine. One log is by far the most common. The logs may be in 
single, double, or triple lengths. 
The territory yarded from a setting is usually in the form of a 
more or less complete irregular half circle or half square with the 
center at the main lead block. The runs extend from this common 
center in the form of radii. Two settings are often made at the same 
landing. 
The members of the yarding crew are stationed both in the woods 
and at the machine. The swampers do whatever clearing of limbs 
and brush is necessary, trim off knots and limbs left on the under- 
side of logs, and snipe large logs when necessary. Either one 
swamper or a special man, termed variously gopher and choker 
hole digger, digs holes under one end of each log to allow the passage 
of the choker. Each swamper is equipped with an ax and the 
choker hole digger with an ax and shovel. The riggers or rigging 
slingers put the chokers on the logs and hook on the butt hook. 
Each yarding donkey is in charge of a logger or hooktender. He 
usually stations himself along the run where both ends of the opera- 
tion can be observed. He issues all orders, and plans the arrange- 
ment of the lines and the location of the runs. The frogger or block- 
tender is stationed at the main lead block. He also unhooks and 
sends back the chokers at the landing. If dirt and debris collect at 
the frog or landing, they are cleared away by a frog shoveler. A 
whistle punk stationed in the woods transmits signals by jerking a 
wire attached to the whistle of the donkey. He also drives the line 
horse in stringing cable. An engineer and fireman are required at 
the engine. The men engaged in cutting and packing wood are 
termed woodbucks. When men are required to pack water on mules 
or horses they are called waterbucks. 
The Dolbeer donkey, when it is used for yarding, is placed on 
short hauls, about 600 or 800 feet. The logs are invariably yarded 
in short lengths, though several small logs may be brought in at one 
time. Several small yarding blocks are used, the principle being to 
go around obstacles rather than over them. The inhaul is very slow 
but powerful, and logs can be taken up very steep slopes. When 
located on a railroad spur, the Dolbeer does its own loading, which 
necessitates a delay in yarding of about one-half hour for each car. 
The usual output under these conditions is from 16,000 to 19,000 
daily. When yarding is done into a chute, the output is about 15 
per cent greater. The standard crew for a Dolbeer consists of 1 
logger, 1 engineer, 1 spooltender, 1 lookout, 1 linehorse driver, 3 
swampers, and 1 woodbuck. One horse is required for shifting the 
line. Water is supplied by pumping. 
