42 BULLETIN 440, L T . S. DEPABTMEXT OF AGBICLLTUBE. 
daily output of from 30,000 to 35,000. A crew of one teamster, two 
loaders, and a team is required, at a daily cost of $10. Besides the 
horses, harness, and spreaders, the only equipment needed is two 
peavies for the loaders and 80 feet of loading cable costing about $7. 
The most widely used method is by cable and "gin pole." It 
seems best adapted to donkey logging, and is also used for loading 
traction trucks. A gin pole, consisting of a log from 14 to 18 inches 
in diameter by 40 feet high, is erected on the opposite side of the 
track from the landing and guyed with five cables in such a manner 
that the upper end is over the center of the track. A block is fastened 
at the top of the gin pole and a three-fourths inch loading cable 
passes" through it from the loading drum of the engine. This cable 
may terminate in a hook and be used in much the same manner as the 
cross-haul, or it may terminate hi a crotch line with two end hooks. 
Upon one traction logging operation where the loading is done at 
the lower end of a horse chute, the gin-pole system is used, power 
being furnished by a Dolbeer donkey engine. The crew consists of 1 
engineer, 1 spool tender, 2 loaders, and 1 waterbuck, with a com- 
bined labor cost of $14.40 per day. The average daily output is 
60,000 and the average cost 24 cents per 1,000. This should probably 
be increased by 2 cents per 1,000 for maintenance of the donkey and 
other equipment. 
The gin-pole system is widely used where yarders are located at 
landings along logging spurs. The best results are obtained with 
cables terminating in a crotch line. The logs are lifted bodily in the 
air and lowered in place upon the car. Motive power is commonly 
furnished by a loading spool or a third drum upon the yarder. The 
crew consists of a spool tender and two loaders, and the total daily 
cost is $9. Such a crew is ample to handle the output of any yarder; 
and usually no matter how small the daily output there can be no 
reduction in the number of the crew. Thus the cost of loading 
depends primarily upon the average daily output of the yarder. The 
cost is as follows, according to the daily output: 25,000, 36 cents; 
30,000, 30 cents; 35,000, 26 cents; 40,000, 23 cents per 1,000 feet. 
The cost of loading by this system at chute landings is cheaper 
than when each yarder is at a separate landing on the railroad. The 
reason is that, from two to five yarders being stationed upon a given 
chute, logs are delivered in quantity up to the maximum capacity of 
the outfit. The loading crew is the same as at a yarder, except that 
for a daily output of 120,000 it must be enlarged by one top loader, 
one loader, and one shoveler. The daily labor cost is therefore about 
$18.50 per day, or 15 cents per 1,000. At 100,000 daily the cost is 
about 19 cents per 1,000. 
A separate loading engine is probably better as a motive power 
than a spool or drum upon the logging donkey. It may be either a 
