LUMBERING IN PINE REGION OF CALIFORNIA. 97 
Operating costs — Continued. 
Sawmill and yard— Per 1,000 feet. 
Sawing , $1. 75 
Mill maintenance 35 
Sorting 25 
Handling and piling 60 
Loading 25 
Transportation — Wagon haul 2. 50 
General expense- 
Supervision and office 70 
Taxes and insurance 45 
— $10. 70 
To this should be added an average allowance for depreciation of, 
say .80 
Total cost 11. 50 
Mills of this class are usually situated close to the timber and at 
some distance from either the local market or a common-carrier 
railroad. In addition, they are often semiportable in character and 
are moved from time to time in order to be near the timber. Con- 
sequently, the logging costs are low, but the cost of lumber transpor- 
tation is high. In the example above the length of the wagon haul 
is considered as about 7 miles. No allowance is made for surfacing, 
as the lumber is usually disposed of rough. Very little expense is 
necessary for selling because the lumber is generally sold to local 
users or to some larger producer or box-shook manufacturer. 
SINGLE CIRCULAR MILL OPERATION. 
Operating costs: 
Logging— Per 1,000 feet. 
Felling, limbing, and bucking $0. 70 
Donkey yarding 1. 90 
Loading 30 
Hauling on trucks 2. 20 
Road construction 20 
Sawmill and yard- 
Sawing 1. 70 
Mill maintenance 35 
Sorting 25 
Piling and handling 80 
Surfacing 30 
Loading 50 
General expense- 
Superintendence and office (including mill and woods super- 
vision) 55 
Selling 20 
Taxes and insurance 50 
— $10.45 
Depreciation— Average .95 
Total cost 11. 40 
57172°— Bull. 440—17 7 
