16 BULLETIN 41, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
More crops and less stock are sold from the rented farms than 
from those of the owners. This is to be expected, owing to the share 
system of rental, whereby the landlord receives half of the grain, 
most of which he sells. 
The item of increased inventory represents an increase in invest- 
ment, either through more stock, new buildings, or tile drainage. 
To offset this, the cost for all improvements is included in the farm 
expenses. When the investment costs of this nature are charged to 
the farm there must be a corresponding increase in the capital at 
the end of the year. 
Corn, oats, and wheat constitute the crops sold. Even on the 
small farms practically no cash crops other than these are grown: 
The farmers making the best incomes received a higher percentage 
of their receipts from live stock. 
A further discussion of the influence of the type of farming on 
profits is given on page 29. 
DISTRIBUTION OF FARM EXPENSES. 
The distribution of expenses on both owner and tenant farms is 
given in Table X. 
TABLE X.—Distribution of farm expenses (in percentages of total expenses) 
on farms operated by owners and tenants in Indiana, Illinois, and Iowa. 
| ape | Operated ay tenants |) | ree Operated by tenants 
1 247 farms). a | 247 f ; 
ated by aa ) /ated by ee) 
Item of expense. owners ; _ Item of expense. | owners | | 
(273 | arm | Land- | | (23 | Farm | ie 
= and- 
farms). | total. eget lord. || farms). | total. ‘Tenant. lord. 
| | | | | | 
Waboreec. cc. 33°01|) 3150}, 34:6 0.4 | New buildings. . 1059: 3258. © (eres D248 
Seedsseems cers Zoe Dae i bisa | 4.1 | Building repairs -| 6 ais 2 | 1.6 
Meriilizers-25-2o- 3) ADs Diary SO) |-lileidrams ss 3.8 hy Ad eee see 18.4 
Feed and grain..| 18.8 10.5 9.9 4.4||Twine and 
New machinery | | || _ thrashing...... | 4.4 6.5 | 7.0 8 
and harness.... 5.6 | G2 TOKO 5S) ansurancee se ASO 133} yf 2.0 
Machinery and 1) RAKES ee eee ore 10.4 14.4 1.8 35.0 
harness repairs. 1533. 1.6 | 1.8 SAO WR eri teste a) bee) ee ee ee 28:8; |S Aa 
New fences. ....- 7 | TRY. eee ee 4.0 | Miscellaneous... 4.8 Bers 4.0 8 
Fence repairs... .- i Se} MER | da 3.9 
Approximately one-third of the total expense is for labor. This 
amount includes the value of board furnished; also the value of the 
family labor, except that of the operator. Some of the farm owners 
purchased large quantities of corn for feeding, thereby making this 
expense 18.8 per cent of the total. The expense for tile ae was 
largely incurred in Iowa and Indiana, where the construction of ex- 
tensive systems meant considerable outlay. 
The expense for twine, based on over 10,000 acres of small grain, 
averaged 21 cents per acre, or seven-ienths of a cent per bushel. From 
