38 BULLETIN 41, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
incomes. The results as given in Table XX XI show just the reverse; 
the oldest tenants make the lowest Incomes. They have the least 
capital and farm the smallest areas. They are men, few in number, 
who are poor and inefficient farmers naturally, and who are not able 
to save enough money to buy a farm. Therefore, landlords with 
good farms will not rent their land to them, and they are compelled 
to take the least desirable farms in the neighborhood. The enter- 
prising young men soon acquire sufficient funds to discontinue renting 
and become farm owners. The tenants of to-day seem to start in 
farming younger than did the owners who began 15 years ago. 
The common saying that the tenant farmer moves from one farm 
to another every year is not supported by the data in Table XX XI. 
Five years is the average period that the tenants had rented the 
farms of which the records were taken. 
RELATION OF THE EDUCATION OF THE FARMER TO HIS INCOME. 
Unquestionably one of the best things for a young man who intends 
to become a farmer is a good high-school education. Many farmers 
with very little schooling succeed, but these same men would do better 
if they had had the opportunity of further training. No one ever 
hears a farmer regret that he spent a part of his early life in school. 
In Table XXXII the farmers are divided according to the extent 
of their education. 
TABLE XXXII.—felation of the owner’s or tenant’s education to his income on 
farms in Indiana, Illinois, and Towa. 
| 
| 
Operated by owners (273 farms). Operated by tenants (247 farms). 
* 1 | | TeT=- | TeT- 
BIGHT yn |Num-)| Aver- | Aver- pv ey Aver- | Num-| Aver- | Aver- ny 7 | Aver- 
| ber of | agesize | agecap-| jopor age | ber of | age size |age cap- tape age 
pereuks /(acres).| ital. income.| “8: farms.| (acres).| ital. ingomell moe: 
| | 
None at school. -...---- | 4 | 91 \$15,039 | —$586 55 4 118 | $1,650 $680 40 
Common school. ....-- |} 214 165 | 27,494 301 51 186 167 | 2,200 742 38 
Einchkschoolee =) 222... 46 206 | 37, 725 651 46 51 190 | 3,203 1, 268 33 
College; etes=2-- 2... 342. 9 240 | 42,781 796 53 6 294} 3,351 | 1,721 41 
Total or average. | 273 | 178 | 30, 606 408 | 49.8| 247 172 | 2,431 870 37 
There were only eight men, four owners and four tenants, who 
never had a school training. Of the owners and tenants 77 per cent 
attended a common or district school. About 18 per cent attended 
a high school, and one out of every 35 went to college or to some 
institution of similar grade. 
On the whole the tenants had received more education than the 
owners, 23 per cent of them having more than a district-school 
education, while only 20 per cent of the owners had such training. 
