UTILIZATION OF GRAPE POMACE AND STEMS. 
21 
TABLE III.—Approximate values and estimated gross returns obtainable from 
the manufacture of various products from grape waste by different methods. 
Quantities obtained. 
Approximate values. 
Material used and product obtained. 
Solvent Pressure Solvent Pressure 
method. method. method. method. 
Skins: Glasses. Glasses. 
Velvet Sere Near eee ee eG oh oe 19, 800, 000 | 19,800,000 | $2,475,000 | $2, 475,000 
Tons. Tons. 
MOM yaOSI GU Oars cic eee ar ietscee otescboreay Se in Be -nvaratee 1, 435 1, 435 24,378 24, 378 
Stems: 
Creamlontartans: vane es se coe cers nee ae ene . 13.2 13.2 8, 560 8, 560 
Seeds: 
COMBS Te Ae Seas ie el i Pa ec yy aah arg UR wee 132 89.3 39, 600 30, 362 
AAS oe Set a ret eet es rR OR eas Re ace ge Pe ae 968s Bera sarees {ills GOO iopserecre se eeepee 
Oilkcaket eee ype eer ns eer acne eee em a Ss ele... 5IGN Tp tent | 15, 801 
PRATT O KOT Cite cae ee eee See ears ot hagiers, Opa ered ieee tS AS Si Pere eee eeercks 2, 904 
NOtalseTOSSREUUENS ees tia ae serait he Seer eee e ceec ote | phallie or peiee net 2, 559, 138 2, 557, 005- 
Total cost. 
Unit of | Cost per 
- Process or product. ; : 
. estimate unit Solvent Pressure 
> method. method. 
Extracting cream of tartar (13.2 tons) from stems........... Mon=aese $30. 00 $396 $396 
Romace: 4400) tons) socalaprices 45s - ss eselss- eee lene BOLO eee 2.50 11, 000 11, 000 
Drying and bagging pomace (4,400 tons)..............-..... PSOne 9.00 39, 600 39, 600 
awhin sdried pomacel(2:200iGONS) sess see se ee eee dose 5.00 11, 000 11, 000: 
Sparating seed (1,100 tons) from pomace:.................-- odors 3.00 3, 300 3, 300 
Manufacturing jelly (1,650,000 dozen glasses) from the skins.| Dozen 1.16 | 1,914,000 1,914, 000: 
Drying and grinding jelly residue (1,435 tons).............. on... 3.00 4, 305 4, 305 
Extracting oil from seeds (1,100 tons) ed Ose 10. 00 1 O00! |ee anaes 
Decorticating seeds (1,100 tons).-....-....-..-- Edo: 4.00 4, 400 4,400: 
Pressing oil from kernels (616 tons).....- doz: ROOFS ahe ee 8, 008 
Extracting tannin from hulls (484 tons).................-.- dor SROs |e tah ees 1,452 
MOLaNCOSt Oram aa CHT ree ters eee ea | ec rege Se lenie aeons 1, 999, 001 1, 997, 461 
INGE TORO TSS shoe ob pSacea sank co RES B Or a Oe ne HOR eee Dunia an nGiL on irene 560, 153 559, 544 
Against the gross returns must be charged the cost of making the 
various products. In order to ascertain the costs involved in a 
rational utilization of the waste, all successive operations involved 
from the accumulation of the pomace to the finished products are 
included in the estimates. No charge is allowed for the cost of the 
raw material, since there is no way to estimate what this should be 
except as the value of the finished products is compared with the 
cost of producing them. Table IIT shows the cost per ton and the 
total cost of the various operations from the purchasing of the 
pomace to the products resulting from the waste. It will be seen 
that if the solvent method is employed the approximate total cost 
will be $1,999,001, while by the pressure method the total cost is 
$1,997,461, making the approximate net profits from the two methods 
$560,153 and $559,544, respectively. 
In these calculations it is assumed that the waste is utilized at 
some central point and that all the products are manufactured from 
the waste. Only in this way is a minimum expense involved, since 
much of the necessary machinery can be utilized for the several op- 
