COXTROL OF THE CITROPHILUS MEALYBUG. 5 
fortunately the scientific name citrophilus had been adopted as the 
common name long before the correct determination was given. 
The eggs are deposited in a flocculent mass behind the adult female 
and may number up to 1,000, though from 500 to 600 is the average. 
£\ The period of incubation during the warm season is from 7 to 10 days. 
Except in size, the larvae are similar to the adult in appearance 
after the first molt and pass through three molts before reaching 
maturity. The characteristic arrangement of the wax is not strik- 
ingly noticeable until after the third molt. The immature stages of 
the female are illustrated in figure 2, the mature stages in figure 3. 
The following description of the adult of Pseudococcus gahani is 
by Mr. E. E. Green: 7 
Adult female thickly coated with greyish-white mealy secretion, which is 
. thinner in the folds of the segments and in the depressed areas. These de- 
f pressions are in four more or less confluent longitudinal series which are more 
marked on the posterior half of the body. The darker color of the insect show- 
ing through the mealy covering at these spots, produces a distinct symmetrical 
pattern. There is a complete marginal series of 33 short conical waxy processes, 
an anterior and posterior pair being usually larger than the others. On each 
side of the anal orifice is a much longer, broadly laminate process which is 
transversely curved and spirally twisted, and between these is a pair of 
shorter processes, which together form a tube. Antenna, 8-jointed, the 8th 
longest ; first joint strongly developed, approximately as long as it is broad ; 
antennal formula (excluding 1st), 8 (3,2), (5,4,6,7), the last four being 
only approximately equal and varying slightly in their relative positions in 
the series. Limbs well developed ; tarsus approximately half the length of the 
tibiae. Eyes prominent. Mentum distinctly biarticulate ; longer than broad; 
terminal joint longest, acutely pointed. Dorsal glandular pits present but rather 
inconspicuous. Anal ring large and conspicuous, with six long stout setae. 
k Anal lobes broadly rounded ; only slightly prominent ; more strongly chiti- 
nized than the surrounding parts, the margins of the chitinous area sharply 
defined ; each with two stout conical spines, several fine hairs, some conspicuous 
circular pores, and a terminal seta which -is approximately equal in length to 
those of the anal ring. Margins of segments, each with a small protuberance, 
bearing similar spines, pores and hairs, all of which become smaller and less 
conspicuous as they approach the anterior extremity. Derm with scattered, 
small, and inconspicuous pores. Many longish hairs on under-surface of head. 
Length, 2.50 to 3 mm. Breadth, 1.25 to 1.50 mm. 
Adult male similar in appearance to that of Ps. citri. Length, 1.50 mm. 
Though the structural characters agree somewhat closely with those of citri, 
the general appearance of the living insect is strikingly different, and it is of 
. a much more active habit. * * * 
Mr. Gahan observes that the insect, when irritated, exudes " a claret col- 
oured liquid in round drops, two close to the head end and two at the tail end." 
The exudation evidently emanates from the glandular pits that are present in 
the positions indicated. He further remarks that the " dark-coloured secre- 
tion soon dries, looking like a small balloon. The liquid hardens into a solid 
substance which resembles lac or something of a similar nature." 
7 Green, E. E. Observations on British coccidae in 1914, with descriptions of new 
species. In Ent. Mo. Mag., v. 51, p. 179-180. 1915. 
