8 BULLETIN 393, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE> 
indicated by an average rate of 33.5 cents before the roads were 
improved, as compared with 15.7 cents after the roads were improved, 
In order to determine the net saving on a ton-mileage basis, it is 
necessary to deduct from the gross saving the estimated annual outlay _ 
for interest and retirement of the bonds and for interest on the value 
of aid received from the State or from any source other than the bond 
issue. Table 1 gives not only the gross saving per ton-mile, but also 
the net saving after taking into account the cost of the improvements 
on this basis. It should be borne in mind that the estimated annual 
outlay for interest and retirement of principal may not conform 
strictly to the practice which may be followed in the respective 
counties, as instead of levying the amount which would be mathe- 
matically correct for the purpose, they may raise an unnecessarily 
large amount or an utterly Inadequate amount from year to year. 
The table is based upon the amounts they should levy each year to 
retire the bonds under the plan by-which the bonds were issued. 
The annual cost of maintenance should be considered as a partial 
offset to the saving in hauling costs if the outlay for maintenance is 
greater after the roads are improved than before improvement. 
That the cost is greater after improvement can scarcely be doubted, 
as real maintenance was scarcely in effect at all before the roads were 
improved. Definite cost data on maintenance of a comparative 
value for all the counties are lacking, and are, therefore, not taken 
into account in the table. 
TaBLE 1.—Approrimate saving in hauling costs on present tonnage basis after deducting 
annual cost of improvements during period covered by bonds. 
[ Averages are weighted_] 
j j 
| Annyu-| Hauling cost 
al cost | per ton-mile. 
i Saving 
Estimated eT ——_———_—— per ton- 
| Value of-| annual SS Gr mile 
| State-aid | outlay for | Annual | 7+ OSS after de- 
Selected counties. | Bonds | contribu- | interest | ton- eer SayeS 
wetected countes- | issued. | tions in jand retire) miles of | convict-, Before} After | P& fing 
| convict: | mentof | taffic. | 4ahor im- | im- | voile oi inter- 
| labor. 4 princi | sid per | Prove | prove- ~ jestand 
pal. ton. | ment. | ment. princi- 
| mile of pal.t 
traffic. | 
| | 
Spotsylvania, Va-._)2$140,000 $11,856.41 ($10,533.00 | 921,521 $0. 0114 | MW. ae 9. 137 | $0.163 | $0.149 
Dinwiddie, Va.....| 105,000 | 37,088.32 | 10,573.65 | 833,136 | .0126 | - 150 - 150 - 137 
Lee, Va BLE 455,000 | 21,175.48 | 27,967.34 | 297,180} .0941 “D0 -200, .200 . 106 
Se ale O60) C007 h-4=22-=e == 74,330.00 | 200,000} .3716 57 -30 |  .340] —.02 
Franklin, N. Y- 500, 000 |....-...---}- 21,730.00 | 242,145 | So7 303 -096 | .207 -117 
Dallas, At Sete ee: OOD Sh oe ee | 24,856.76 | 610,000] .0407 . 300 -150 | -50 . 109 
Lauderdale, Miss_-} 500,000 |.........-- 33,466.66 | 255,378 1310 | .370 -200} .170 . 9 
Manatee, 1S aes 2 ee ee 16, 262.85 | 130,292, .1247 450 - 200 - 250 1235 
Total and ay- ) 
erage.....__- 3,260,000 | 70,070.21 | 219,720.26 | 3,489,652 | .0629 | .335 157 17 116 
1 Plus interest at 5 per cent on value of State-aid contributions of convict labor. 
2 Exclusive of $33,000 voted but not yet issued for Livingston and Berkley districts. 
— 
‘ 
+ 
= 
{ 
‘ 
