CLOVER AND ALFALFA SEED CHALCIS-FLY. 
11 
LATE APPEARANCE OF ADULTS. 
While some of the larvae apparently go into hibernation as early 
as August, adults may be seen emerging from the infested seeds and 
seed pods in the months of October and November. 
At Glendale, Calif., adults were still active in the fields as late as 
November 18, in 1912. C. N. Ainslie reported B. funebris as being 
numerous among the florets of red clover on September 17, in 1913, 
at Fairmont, Minn. At Albany, Oreg., the writer found them active 
over red clover on September 15, in 1914. At Nephi, Utah, they were 
active on alfalfa florets on September 24 of the same year. Activity 
of the adults, oviposition, and development of larvae usually continue 
as long as green seed pods are present in the fields. The first heavy 
frost kills the adults and pupae and most of the undeveloped larvae. 
The writer's observations show that in southwestern Arizona this 
species may have as many as four generations in a single season. 
This is, of course, under favorable conditions — first on volunteer 
alfalfa and then in the irrigated seed fields. Without doubt it com- 
pletes at least two generations in most of the intermountain seed- 
growing districts, where the growing seasons are frequently very 
short. The minimum number of generations in a single season may 
be less than one under very unfavorable conditions, as it required 
more than one season for some of the individuals under observation 
to reach the adult stage. 
Table II. 
-Length of the pupal period for 50 individuals of Bruchophagus fune- 
oris which hibernated in the larval stage. 
Pupal period of male. 
Days. 
Mar. 10 to Apr. 14 35 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 22 42 
Mar. 10 to Apr. 21 42 
Feb. 19 to Apr. 12 52 
Mar. 10 to Apr. 22 33 
Mar. 14 to Apr. 6 23 
Mar. 17 to Apr. 16 30 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 2 22 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 4 24 
Mar. 14 to Apr. 6 23 
Mar. 14 to Apr. 10 27 
Mar. 14 to Apr. 11 28 
Mar. 23 to Apr. 25 23 
Mar. 18 to Apr. 19 32 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 1 21 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 4 24 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 4 24 
Mar. 16 to Apr. 13 28 
Mar. 14 to Apr. 4 21 
Mar. 17 to Apr. 15 29 
Mar. 13 to Apr. 10 28 
Mar. 18 to Apr. 14 27 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 2 22 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 6 26 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 2 22 
28.3 
Pupal period of female. 
Days. 
Mar. 10 to Apr. 22 43 
Mar. 10 to Apr. 14 35 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 14 34 
Mar. 10 to Apr. 22 43 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 22 42 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 21 41 
Mar. 20 to Apr. 28 39 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 14 34 
Mar. 21 to Apr. 24 34 
Mar. 10 to Apr. 14 35 
Mar. 17 to Apr. 22 36 
Mar. 10 to Apr. 14 35 
Mar. 10 to Apr. 14 35 
Mar. 10 to Apr. 22 43 
Mar. 14 to Apr. 13 30 
Mar. 16 to Apr. 13 28 
Mar. 18 to Apr. 18 31 
Mar. 18 to Apr. 19 32 
Mar. 12 to Apr. 21 40 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 6 26 
Mar. 14 to Apr. 11 28 
Mar. 14 to Apr. 15 32 
Mar. 14 to Apr. 11 28 
Mar. 13 to Apr. 15 33 
Mar. 11 to Apr. 6 26 
Average 34.5 
