34 Bulletin 827, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. 
Where some improved pasture is available, the native pasture may 
be grazed closely in the early part of the season, gradually removing 
the cattle to the improved pasture. This method allows the im- 
proved pasture to get a good start while the native pasture is being- 
used to the fullest advantage. 
Improved pasture on cultivated land should be established gradu- 
ally for permanent pasture whenever possible, especially by the small 
farmers who have limited pasture. Bermuda is recommended on 
rich ground or ground to which manure has been applied, but should 
always have lespedeza and bur or white clover added. Carpet grass 
is much better adapted for the foundation of pastures on sandy lands 
and should be sown with Bermuda whenever the seed can be, ob- 
tained. Lespedeza should be sown with carpet grass. 
Abruzzi rye, especially if vetch or bur clover is sown on the same 
field, is recommended above any other crop for winter grazing. 
WINTER FEEDS. 
The saving of the dry roughage, such as corn stover, and the 
making of hay are rendered somewhat difficult in the Piney Woods 
section because of the frequent rains at seasons when the crops ma- 
ture and the moist atmosphere, which is favorable to the growth of 
molds on forage when left in the field, especially corn stover in 
shocks. 
Com stover may be cured and fed from the field in favorable sea- 
sons, but it is usually necessary to rick it with some protection from 
the weather or store it under cover. The common method of utilizing 
corn stover is to pasture the stalk fields in the fall after the corn has 
been snapped, especially since velvet beans are now commonly planted 
in all corn, and the vine growth makes the cutting of stover very 
difficult. When properly saved, corn stover is a very valuable rough- 
age for winter feed, but if left in the field a considerable portion of 
the forage is trampled down, damaged by rains, or blown away, and 
much of the feeding value is lost. 
Lespedeza is gaining favor rapidly as a hay crop. It has been 
very successfully grown for hay on the heavier soils, especially when 
supplied with some phosphate fertilizer. It contains little water 
and is the easiest of all legumes to cure into hay. When grown in 
dense stands it is very heavy in weight because of the fine, solid 
stems, and even when only 6 to 8 inches high and apparently hardly 
worth cutting for hay it w r ill yield a ton or more per acre. The hay 
is of 'excellent quality, is relished by cattle, and is equal in feeding- 
value to alfalfa hay. When the seed is sown in February or March 
on oat land it will make a crop of hay the first season after the 
oats are harvested. The plants, if allowed to mature, will reseed 
the land indefinitely. After the lespedeza is removed the land may 
