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closed for at least 10 hours, and longer if possible. Doors and win- 
dows should then be thrown open and the building aired thoroughly. 
Sulphur gas corrodes metal, and, where moisture is present, injures 
fabrics, often fading and rotting them. Blankets and clothing 
should therefore be removed from bunk houses before fumigation 
takes place and beaten out and sunned for several hours. If the 
fumigation is done on a day when the atmosphere is dry, however, 
and safeguarding from fire can be accomplished without the use of 
water in the pans, then blankets and clothing may be exposed to the 
fumes to advantage and without fear of injury. Sulphur fumes are 
just as destructive to insects and vermin in a dry as in a moist 
atmosphere. Metal cooking and eating utensils, and all food sup- 
plies, should be removed before fumigation. Any polished metal 
that can not be taken out may be protected by smearing vaseline 
over it. 
Kitchen axd Mess Quarters. 
In camps of the better sort the kitchen and mess quarters are well 
constructed and the kitchen, at least, floored. Doors and windows 
are screened properly, flytraps are in use both inside and outside the 
quarters, and the condition of tables, benches, and cooking and 
eating equipment compares favorably with conditions found in the 
average household. But at some camps, mess rooms and kitchens 
are in a frightfully insanitary condition. The structures themselves 
are sometimes miserable, ramshackle huts, as shown in Plate VI, 
figure 1, and both space and facilities are so limited that any attempt 
at order or cleanliness is out of the question. Frequently unfloored, 
the ground within the kitchens in particular becomes muddy from 
slops spilled accidentally, and fragments of food litter the tables and 
the ground. Flies swarm over the food and around the sour, open 
garbage pail, which usually occupies a position just outside the door. 
Frequently a mess room is not provided in this type of camp, and 
after receiving their pans of food at the kitchen window the prisoners 
seat themselves about the camp grounds on stumps or any other 
objects which can be made to serve the purpose. In bad weather 
they eat while sitting on their bunks. 
At several camps visited dining tables and benches were placed 
under canvas awnings or shelters of frame construction, and some- 
times a wooden flooring was provided. Such an arrangement may 
be made to have a very neat and attractive appearance, as shown in 
Plate VII, figure 1, and is far preferable to a dirty, overcrowded 
space in a frame structure or tent. However, dining shelters of this 
type can not be used except where the climate is warm and dry. 
There are many camps where an attempt has been made to screen 
the dining room and kitchen, but where the flies seem quite as 
lui.Lierous as in structures not screened at all. The lack of success 
