CONVICT LABOR FOE ROAD WORK. 211 
faithfully work; but if at any time he shall fail to so work he shall forfeit all or as 
manv of "said credits as said superintendent shall deem proper. (Lord's Oregon Laws, 
sees ."6436-6437.) 
The State shall not contract with any private person, firm, or corporation for the 
labor of convicts of the State penitentiary. Upon written request of the county 
court of any county or of the superintendent of any State institution the governor 
may detail from the State penitentiary such convicts as in his judgment may seem 
proper for use on the public highways of such county. (Laws 1913, ch. 2.) 
Fifty thousand dollars is appropriated to be used by the board of control of the 
State of Oregon to install and equip with necessary machinery such plants as in its 
discretion may seem wise. Said board may use such portion of the amount so appro- 
priated as it may deem advisable in employing convicts from the Oregon State Peni- 
tentiary in road building in the State, and shall make all rules and regulations neces- 
sary for same. (Acts 1915, ch. 251.) 
Counties.— Able-bodied convicts serving sentence in any city, town, or county 
jail or prison, as punishment for crime or in default of fine, may be placed by the 
county court under the control of any road supervisor, or other person appointed to 
take charge of such convicts, to be worked on the public roads of the county, or such 
other public work as said court may direct. The county court shall make rules and 
regulations in regard to the employment of such convicts and for allowance of com- 
pensation and credits in time for good behavior; provided that no credit in excess 
of 10 days per calendar month shall be allowed, and if imprisonment is for nonpayment 
of fine, such convict shall be made to labor at rate of $2 per day until such fine is 
paid. Any county court may transfer to the county court of any other county any 
of the convicts committed to its control, upon such terms and conditions as may be 
agreed upon by the county courts concerned. Any convict who shall refuse to work 
shall be fed bread and water until he shall signify his willingness to work. If any 
county shall have created a board of county commissioners, or other board or tribunal, 
to have charge of the management of the public roads of such county, it shall have the 
same power as the county court under this act. (Laws 1913, ch. 3.) 
Pennsylvania. 
State. — All persons sentenced to the Eastern or Western Penitentiary, or to the 
Pennsylvania Industrial Reformatory at Huntington, or to any other correctional 
institution hereafter established by the State, physically capable of such labor, may 
be employed eight hours per day at hard labor for the purpose of manufacturing and 
producing supplies or materials for said institutions, or for the State or any county 
thereof, or for the purpose of industrial training or instruction, or in the manufacture 
and production of crushed stone, brick, tile, culvert pipe, or other material suitable 
for use in road building. A prison labor commission is created, to be composed of a 
member of the board of prison inspectors of each of said institutions, respectively, 
which said commission shall determine the amount, kind and character of machinery 
to be erected in such institutions, the industries to be carried on therein, the number 
and character of inmates, and shall arrange for the sale of the materials produced to 
the State, or any county, or to any public State institution. For the purchase of 
material, equipment, and machinery, a special appropriation of $75,000 was made 
to the said prison labor commission, to be known as the manufacturing fund, and 
receipts from the sales of manufactured articles shall be credited to said fund. Each 
prisoner shall be credited with wages for the time he actually works, the rate of such 
wages to be regulated at the discretion of the prison labor commission, but it shall not 
be less than 10 nor more than 50 cents per day. Three-fourths of the amount so credited 
or the entire amount if the prisoner so desires, shall constitute a fund for the relief of 
any persons dependent on such prisoner. In case there are no dependents the sum 
shall be deposited to the credit of the prisoner. (Acts 1915, No. 289.) ^ 
Counties. — The warden of any jail may detail for work on the public highways such 
convicts as he may deem advisable, except prisoners under sentence of death. Writ- 
ten request for such convicts shall be made by the State highway commissioner for all 
State roads; by the county commissioners for all county roads; by^ the township com- 
missioners or township supervisors, as the case may be, for township roads, and by the 
mayor or burgess for all municipal streets. Such detail, however, shall be voluntary 
on the part of the prisoners. Convicts while so working shall be under general direc- 
tion of the warden, or overseers appointed by him, and subject to such rules and regu- 
lations as he shall prescribe. Such convicts shall not be required to wear stripes. 
For infractions of the rules and regulations the maximum punishment shall be the 
summary return of the prisoner to confinement in the jail and the loss of all deductions 
from sentence to which he may be entitled at the time. Each convict shall be allowed 
25 cents for each day he labors, which sum shall accummulate as a fund to be paid him 
