4 BULLETIN 549, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
49,670 miles of railroads. The mileage of the reporting railroads 
was 35,830 miles, or 72 per cent of the total mileage of the region. 
The western region, which is the largest, is the remainder of the 
United States and has a total of 141,936 miles of railroads. The 
mileage of the reporting railroads is 122,432 miles, or 86 per cent of 
the total of the region. 
White oak is the predominating wood in all regions. It is very 
evenly distributed throughout them all; and the southern and eastern 
regions reported practically the same quantities. Practically all of 
the red-oak ties were reported in the western and eastern regions, the 
southern region reporting only 512,054. Southern pine is rather 
evenly distributed through all the different regions. 
Oak, Douglas fir, and southern pine meet the greater part of the 
demand in the western region, although cypress, cedar, tamarack, 
western yellow pine, and lodgepole pine are well represented. 
The eastern region draws largely upon oak, southern pine, cedar, 
and chestnut for its crossties. These four species supplied 27,681,334, 
or 92 per cent of the total number of ties purchased in this region. 
Douglas fir was purchased in small quantities, the total being 2,491 
ties. 
In the southern region, white oak, southern pme, and cypress con- 
tributed 16,096,815 ties, or 90 per cent of the total purchased in the 
region. There were reported 432 hemlock crossties and only 27 
cedar ties. Beech and maple were reported in nearly equal quantities. 
TABLE 3.—Numober of crossties reported purchased in 1915 by steam railroads, representing 
78.46 per cent of total mileage, by regions and kinds of wood. 
a v Western Eastern | Southern 
Kind of wood. aoa region. region. region. 
AIAN GS oY oo Secs Sacer eerste sees 88, 498, 655 | 40,650,424 | 30,007,583 | 17,840,648 
Wi G6 (Oeics Si a ee es oe crak ee nr nr SE ee er ee 30, 160,316 | 11,227,462 | 9,336,366 9, 596, 488 
EUG Gi OBI Ke os ere ees a ices aioe SN Sra em dete roy cape a oe 15,989,605 | 5,680,237 | 9,797,314 512, 054 
Sout hermpine esas ee ee see eee ree pe gn See 13,226,654 | 4,692,350 | 3,922,080 4,612, 224 
Douglas fir See SO PMS lies ei ee eee pepe 6,308,685 | 6,306, 194 2491 ie aces aoe 
CYiDTOSS 322 Cee ee ee Oe aS Sees cee mieamien listeners 4,375,012 | 2,467, 158 19, 751 1, 888, 103 
Coder wien Rie eR ae SSeS ee eae et gk _ 4,121,570 | 2,004,822 | 2,116,721 27 
Chestmiit. 2 2 Pe ee eee oe ey erase eerie, ere eee 2, 666, 402 96,443 | 2,508, 853 61, 103 
astern tamaracke a 4c6 se sees terse tants ei en 2,520,475 | 2,408, 642 11 833 >| se eoceeees 
Lodgepoleipine 7.2 ose see teens Bene seve eer ee ctor 1, 204,420: 8, 254, 4205 )2 oe ss See ee ee 
Western larchiuscac ac oits ee 8 ye Sie et i ee oe LOG 40 Sil ned TOG NALS se Re ae ees yee ne 
IWestermiyellow pines. assem es 2 seers e rane aes orale 1,183,535 | 1,145,371 3, 364 34, 800 
Beech 3. cette ea ibe ie Baie Pap ele | deh Malek SR 1, 139, 457 118, 363 648, 774 372, 320 
IMD De Sega roe She © cist ks oe se ci reeae VEC Nee erat) hae 1, 062, 086 111, 400 578, 373 372, 313 
TP EMLOGK aN Selo aes ae eee ai eee Ok tae Bs Mere BO 839, 924 811, 822 27, 670 432 
GOUT se Pe ee oes oP grr nen te te oa 485, 466 275, 741 208, 550 1,175 
Burch 4 Jase eets seas ad lace Seine ae Ree eee 462, 462 194, 801 267<661j|2 sesh ee 
Red wW00Gies. sacks t..ce tee gat ook dee acl eee sciences 270, 694 210) O94) ois uk ae eens eee 
(AT OG HOT ee ee SE A TEI a acy ga ee 1, 235, 477 388, 089 457, 782 389, 606 
Table 4 indicates the number of crossties purchased by the various 
classes of railroads. Class I roads are those whose annual operating 
revenues are over $1,000,000; Class II, from $100,000 to $1,000,000; 
and Class III, under $100,000. The railroads in Class I represent 
183,493 miles; those in Class II and Class III represent 9,587 miles 
