CURCULIOS THAT ATTACK WALNUT AND HICKORY. 9 
Creek, W. Ya., 400 young nuts were gathered at random from the 
lower branches of four black walnut trees growing in a pasture 
field. Of this lot of nuts 289 contained 466 egg punctures and the 
remaining 111 were sound. In another instance in the locality last 
mentioned 1,447 infested nuts dropped from one tree during the 
season. 
So far as observations have been made, the black walnut curculio 
seems much more abundant and injurious in the latitude of Mary- 
land and West Virginia than within the range of the black walnut 
farther to the north. In the vicinities of Trenton, N. J., Lancaster, 
Pa., Rochester and Lockport, N. Y., and Wallingford, Conn., a num- 
ber of bearing black walnut trees were examined without finding 
any evidences of the presence of the curculio. Locality records by 
various entomologists and observations made during the present in- 
vestigation indicate a southern rather than a northern range for this 
species. 
LIFE HISTORY. 
EGG. 
The egg (PL IY, B ; PL Y, A) is oval, oblong, creamy white, sur- 
face delicately granulose, 1 mm. long by 0.7 mm. wide. Eggs that 
are deposited in young, tender nuts are placed beneath the flap of 
skin within a crescent-shaped puncture eaten out of the side of the 
nut (PL IY, E, G). In the more solid husk of half -grown nuts the 
eggs are inserted in less elaborate punctures which resemble pin 
pricks and extend directly into the husk. (PL Y, B.) These sim- 
ple egg punctures in the more nearly mature nuts are usually formed 
in groups of from three to six on the side of the nut. 
About a dozen eggs deposited in nuts on the trees on July 15 
hatched on the morning of July 22 and an equal number deposited 
on July 16 hatched on July 23, an incubation period in both cases 
of 7 days under natural conditions. Two other lots of eggs laid 
and kept in an open insectary hatched in five and six days, respec- 
tively. In West Yirginia oviposition begins normally during the 
last days of May and continues through June and most of July. 
LARVA. 
The larva (PI. IY, C) is creamy white with brown head, legless, 
and fusiform. It assumes naturally a curved position and is sparsely 
clothed with short, stiff hairs. The length is 11 mm. and the thick- 
ness 3 mm. As soon as hatched it begins to feed from the side of 
the oviposition wound, and, in young nuts, soon devours the whole 
interior. In the older nuts feeding is done chiefly in the husk. The 
infested nut adheres to the branch until the larva is at least half 
grown, and then drops, the larva continuing to feed while the nut 
