CUECULIOS THAT ATTACK WALNUT AND HICKORY. 3 
ris, a nut grower, of New York City and Stamford, Conn., as stating 
that he has observed this curculio on various species of hickory. 
Blatchley and Leng 3 record the species as " occurring on walnut, but- 
ternut, and hickory, the larvae breeding in the green fruit." 
The present writer has found this curculio attacking extensively 
the fruit of our native butternut (•/. cinerea) and the shoots and 
leaf petioles of the Japanese walnuts (•/. sieboldiana and •/. cordi- 
formis). It was found less frequently feeding and ovipositing in 
the shoots of the native butternut and the fruits of the Japanese 
walnuts. Several beetles were found in September on the branches 
of a young tree of Jv.gT.ans cat hay en sis growing in Arnold Arbore- 
tum, at Boston, Mass., and there were evidences of serious injury to 
the branches made earlier in the season by the larva?. Similar 
although less extensive injury was noted on a tree of the same spe- 
cies growing in one of the parks of Rochester, N. Y. 
NATURE AND EXTENT OF INJURY. 
The injury inflicted by this insect consists of feeding punctures 
made by the adults in the nuts, tender tips, and leaf petioles and 
the burrows of the larvae in the nuts and new growth of various 
species of walnuts. Extensive injury has been reported from Con- 
necticut, 4 where young transplanted trees and trees in the nursery 
row have been partially or entirely killed by the larvae working in 
the branches. The most serious loss of this kind has been to the 
Japanese walnuts, although trees of the Persian walnut have suf- 
fered to some extent. Britton and Kirk 5 describe infestation in one 
nursery as follows : 
In a nursery at New Canaan [Conn.], about the middle of September, Mr. 
Kirk noticed a row containing about 265 trees of Juglans sieboldiana on all 
of which the larvse were tunneling in the new growth. An adjoining row of 
about the same number of J. regia trees was only slightly attacked, and another 
adjoining row containing about 400 trees of black walnut, J. nigra, were unin- 
fested. Several hundred other trees of J. sieboldiana in another part of the 
same nursery were badly infested, not a single tree escaping. Here, also, 
was noticed the fall attack of the adults at the base of the leaf petioles, and 
two adults were collected. 
During the present investigation the writer has observed serious 
injur} 7 to young trees of ._/. siebaToliana, J. cordiformis, and ■/. cathay- 
ensis in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Xew York. Southward, 
particularly in Maryland and West Virginia, extensive attacks 
upon the fruit of the native butternut occur regularly. Many cases 
have been observed in which 50 per cent or more of the nuts dropped 
from trees prematurely on account of injury by the curculio larvae, 
the percentage of loss being greatest in years of light crops. Farther 
3 Blatchley, W. S., and Lexg, C. W. Rhyxchophora or weevils of xortheasterx 
AMERICA, p. 469. 1916. 
4 Brittox, W. E., and Kirk, H. B. Op. cit. 
