CITY MILK PLANTS: CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT. 35 
6. The milk plant should be modern in every way and should be 
of good appearance from an architectural point of view. 
7. Up-to-date plants are usually constructed of bricks, concrete, 
or hollow tile, finished on the inside with smooth cement, and on the 
outside with stucco. 
8. Inside walls should have a smooth finish. Tile or enamel brick 
are desirable for the bottling and pasteurizing rooms. 
9. Concrete floors are desirable in all milk plants. Tile floors in 
the bottling rooms add to the appearance. 
10. Floors must be well drained and have proper connection with 
the sewer. 
11. Economical arrangement of the plant is important. There 
should be an outside loading and receiving platform. It is more 
economical of labor and time to dump the milk into a tank on the 
ground floor and then pump it rather than raise it by conveyers or 
elevators. To unload the milk truck on the inside of the building is 
an uneconomical arrangement. 
12. Where a large number of delivery wagons are to be loaded, 
loading through 2 or more chutes direct from the storage room will 
save time. Wagons should be loaded from an exterior platform, 
and conveyors are more economical in the use of labor and time than 
hand trucks. 
13. In unloading the delivery wagons a conveyer system often 
saves time and labor. 
_ 14. For convenience, economy, and sanitation the plant should be 
divided into the following separate rooms: Receiving room, pas- 
teurizing or handling room, bottling room, wash room, by-products 
room, milk-storage room, salesroom, offices, laboratory, etc. 
15. Each room should be of ample size to accommodate the equip- 
ment it contains, with sufficient space for the men to work and to 
clean the equipment, but there should be no waste space. 
16. The rooms in the plant should be so arranged as to necessitate 
the minimum expenditure for machinery and labor, and so laid out 
that the work can be accomplished with the fewest possible steps. 
There should be a minimum of milk piping and pumps, for both 
economical and sanitary reasons. 
17. Poorly arranged plants tend to increase the labor requirements. 
18. The plant should be sanitary in every way; plenty of water and 
steam should always be available; good ventilation and light are 
essential. : 
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