16 BULLETIN 849, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
an arrangement to be avoided. Of course in plants where the number 
of cans handled is small, the element of time spent in receiving the 
milk is of less importance and conveyers or even elevators are often 
satisfactory. 
LOADING DELIVERY WAGONS. 
A study was made at several typical plants using different systems 
of loading delivery wagons, and the data obtained are shown in 
Table 3. The various systems studied were: (A) Wagons loaded in 
the interior of the building (milk trucked from storage room, no 
Fic. 5.—Dumping milk into weigh can from which it goes to glass-lined storage tank. 
Note gravity conveyers used to convey the empty cans from the dump tank to the can 
washer and then to carrier which conveys the clean cans down to the trucks. This 
system of receiving milk was much«more economical as to time and labor required 
than the system of using freight elevators, but not so economical as the system of 
dumping the milk at the ground floor and pumping it and washing the cans 
downstairs. . 
platform) ; (2) wagons loaded from exterior platform (milk trucked 
from storage room); (C) wagons loaded from exterior platform 
(milk sent on conveyers from storage room to loading platform) ; 
(D) wagons loaded direct from storage room, one small door or 
chute being used; (E) wagons loaded direct from storage room, 2 
doors or chutes being used; (/’) same as #’, except that 3 doors are 
used; (G) same as #, except that 4 or more doors are used. 
The driver is included in all cases under “ Average number men 
per plant.” From the column “ Average hours of labor per wagon” 
in Table 3 it will be seen that the time is greatest when milk is 
loaded inside the building, and that fewest hours of labor are re- 
