14 BULLETIN 849, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 
When the trucks were unloaded inside of a building that has no 
platform, considerably more time and labor were required to handle 
100 cans of milk. The system of using conveyers to send the milk 
from the platform to the receiving room required more men and 
time than when the milk was dumped direct without the use of con- 
veyers. This is due to the fact that at the plants where no conveyers 
were used the dumping tank was quite close to the receiving platform 
and less handling was required. The dump tanks at these plants 
were also sunk in the floor, so that very little lifting of the cans was 
required. In the plants where the conveyers were used the receiving 
room was much better protected from contamination, being further 
from the receiving platform and better inclosed. If conveyers had not 
Fic. 3.—System of conveying cans and milk from the trucks to the dump tank, located 
at a considerable distance from the entrance to the receiving room, 
been used at these plants more men would have been required. The 
necessity for a conveyer depends, of course, on the location of the 
dump tank with reference to the receiving platform. 
MILK PUMPS COMPARED WITH ELEVATORS. 
Very few plants elevated the milk to the top floor in the cans, the 
majority using pumps. Studies were made at 28 typical plants to 
determine the relative economy of the systems of (4) dumping the 
milk in tanks on the ground floor and¢then pumping from this tank 
to the receiving tank above, (2) raising the milk in cans to the top 
floor by means of power conveyers, and (C’) raising the cans of milk 
by means of freight elevators. If conveyers are used trouble is some- 
times experienced by a can being improperly placed on the apparatus 
