COMMERCIAL DUTCH-BULB CULTURE. 49 
Marker. — A machine with a revolving drum used to lay off the boundaries and 
the rows of a bulb bed. 
Meter. — A unit of metric measurement, 39.37 inches. 
Mosaic. — A term used to designate any irregular distribution of coloring matter 
in leaves and floral parts of the plants. 
Narcissus. — A low, herbaceous, perennial plant belonging to the amaryllis fam- 
ily, having narrow radical leaves, flowers with a corona or trumpet, and the 
outer coats dry and papery but not continuous, like that of the tulip. 
Narcissus fly. — Two species of flies are conspicuous in narcissus bulbs. The 
large Merodon equestris is commonly known as the greater narcissus fly and 
the small Eumerus strigatus as the lesser narcissus fly. The first is para- 
sitic and the second is considered saprophytic. 
New disease. — The yellow disease of hyacinths caused by Bacillus hyacmthi. 
Old disease. — A nematode disease, especially of hyacinths. 
Packing material. — Buckwheat hulls, rice chaff, sawdust, etc., used in packing 
bulbs. 
Parasite.— An organism which is able to attack and destroy live and healthy 
plants. 
Parrots. — Tulips with cut or laciniate floral parts. 
Path. — A narrow passageway of 12 to 16 inches between successive beds of 
bulbs. 
Perianth. — The outer floral envelope of the flower. 
Plat. — As here used, a land bordered by a walk, road, or ditch, or all of them 
combined, its width being the length of the bulb beds. 
Poets' Narcissus. — A group of the genus Narcissus having a pure white peri- 
anth and variously colored short crowns. 
Propagation. — The increasing of stocks of plants by any process. 
Rembrandts. — Broken Darwin tulips. 
Roguing. — The process of digging out and getting rid of undesirable plants or 
plants out of place. 
Roses. — Tulips of various shades of pink to rose in the breeder and broken 
sections. They have a white ground (tissue between the epidermal layers of 
the petals). 
Row. — A row in a Dutch bulb bed is a meter in length and extends across the 
bed. The rows are usually about 6 inches apart. 
Saprophyte. — An organism which lives only on the dead tissues. 
Scooping. — A method of propagating hyacinths consisting of the scooping out 
of the basal plate (stem) and exposing the scale edges to callousing and sub- 
sequent budding, which results in the production of bulblets. 
Scoring. — A method of propagating hyacinths in which the basal plate is 
hacked by three or four cuts through its diameter, for the same purpose as' 
scooping. 
Shaker. — A machine designed to remove mechanically the loose dirt from bulbs. 
Sieves. — Sieves are of two kinds. The shaker has a sieve through which the 
dirt passes and this is sometimes referred to as a sieve. The nesting cir- 
cular parchment sizers are also often referred to as sieves. 
Single earlies. — Single-flowered early tulip varieties. 
Sizers. — These are machines employed for separating bulbs into different sizes. 
The separation is accomplished by means of an oscillating screen, preferably 
of parchment, perforated to allow the passage of objects of a definite circum- 
ference measured in centimeters ( cm. ) . A large oscillating plane made up in 
