LESSONS ON POULTRY FOR RURAL SCHOOLS. 5 
Such charts as figure 5 may be enlarged with or without the letter- 
ing and used for class drill. Have pupils assist in this chart-making 
and apply the same ideas to other animals. Such a chart as figure 
13 (p. 22) is not intended to take the place of practice in the process 
but may be used for a preliminary lesson, and, by remaining before 
the class for some time, will fix the facts firmly in mind. A con- 
venient size is about 24 inches wide, the length being determined by 
the subject. 
Such illustrations as figure 9 are best made with objects instead of 
pictures. Have the facts at hand to teach the whole lesson. Com- 
pare average poor results with results which are reasonably obtain- 
able. In figure 9 (p. 15) the best production represents only a 50 
per cent yield, which however is quite good and is the average of 
2,000 hens. Such a comparison does not invite criticism. 
Have pupils make working drawings of all equipment before mak- 
ing the article itself. Such drawings as figure 8 make good charts, 
and models should be made at school or at home. Models of small 
articles should be made full size, but it is often desirable to con- 
struct a model of a new type of house at school, leaving one portion 
unfinished as is shown in figure 6. 
In every case the teacher should use the pupils so far as possible 
instead of doing all these things himself. Some very helpful charts 
may be copied from those issued by commercial concerns. 
THE DISTRICT SURVEY.! 
At the beginning of the school year the teacher should obtain all 
the information possible as to the poultry in the district. The pupils 
may assist in obtaining this information, but it is quite essential that 
the teacher become personally acquainted with his district. When 
the first data are collected two large charts should be prepared, one 
on a ruled form and one on a map of the district. These may be pre- 
pared and filled in by the pupils under the direction of the teacher. 
If no map of the district is to be found, one may be drawn and cor- 
rected by the pupils and several copies made on large sheets of manila 
or oak-tag paper for survey purposes. On one map indicate the 
homes of the pupils. Use small colored seals or pins to indicate the 
breeds or varieties of fowls on each farm, and mark the number kept. 
(See fig. 3.) Later indicate sources of feed, method of incubation, 
and other data. 
Fill the first chart in September but collect further data as new 
practice becomes seasonal. Some of the following data should be 
obtained concerning each farm in the district : Size of farm, location, 
owner's name; breed, variety, and strain of poultry kept; pure-bred 
1 Suggested survey forms will be found on page 25. 
