16 BULLETIN 452, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
compared with other districts. Such little-grown varieties as Clevener 
and Diogenes give a juice of very deep color and are desired for 
blending in making red wines. The grape-growing districts of New 
Jersey need further attention before it will be possible to draw con- 
clusions of value on the quality of the crop. 
SUMMARY OF DATA ON SUGAR AND ACID FOR FIVE YEARS. 
Table 3 brings together the results for sugar and acid determinations 
of all the varieties, with a few exceptions, examined during the five 
years’ work, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, and 1913. The exceptions are 
the muscadine varieties and a number of unnamed and undissemi- 
nated seedlings. When more than one sample was analyzed the 
average is given. ‘The data from which this table is compiled are the 
same as given in the tables of Bureau of Chemistry Bulletin 145, pages 
20 to 35, and in Table 1 of this bulletin. So far as possible the results 
are grouped by districts for those kinds of grapes of whicha considerable 
number of samples have been examined from several districts. The 
following groups are used: ‘“ Northern Ohio” includes the vineyards 
along the shore of Lake Erie and the islands off Sandusky; ‘New 
York” includes the Geneva, Keuka, and Chautauqua districts; 
other northern districts, from which samples did not distinctly 
represent any one district, are given as ‘‘Other Northern,” and if for 
the reason that only a few widely-scattered samples of a variety were 
collected no division is made into districts the samples are given as 
from ‘‘ All Northern.” Southern samples were taken from restricted 
areas and are so grouped. 
The summary presented in Table 3 covering the five-year period 
shows some interesting comparisons on samples which were taken 
with care and in sufficient number to warrant the belief that 
they represent the facts. For instance, Catawba for northern Ohio, 
one of the rather strongly-acid fruits, shows a very narrow range of 
average sugar for the several years, from 18.05 grams to 20.78 grams 
in 100 cc of juice during four years, but with a variation of acid from 
0.709 gram to 1.155 grams in 100 cc or in acid-sugar ratios a varia- 
tion from 1 to 15.6 to 1 to 28.6. 
Take also the example of Concord, one of tne varieties of medium 
content of sugar and moderately low im acid. Here again the range 
in sugar content is slight, being from 15.74 grams to 18.51 grams in 
100 cc with an acid range from 0.466 gram to 0.757 gram in 100 ce. 
This gives acid-sugar ratios running from 1 to 22.4 to 1 to 37.3. 
Delaware shows the most phenomenal acid-sugar ratio of any 
variety examined. Comparing only the northern Ohio samples for 
1909, 1910, and 1911, because these are the more representative, the 
ratios extend from 1 to 26.0 to 1 to 43.8. Certainly the latter ratio 
is entirely too wide for a properly balanced grape juice or for a dry 
wine. Such low acidity endangers the keeping quality of the products. 
