32 BULLETIN 867, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
An average of 54 analyses of commercial samples of No. 1 castor 
oil manufactured by the leading crushers, covering the period from 
November, 1917, to December, 1918, is givenin Table VIII, columns 
2 and 3. These hydraulic-pressed oils are from cage presses and 
represent the normal product regularly made. In columns 4 to 
7 similar data are given for expeller oils made at the Government 
plant at Gainesville, Fla., including more than 100 samples manu- 
factured during the spring of 1919, and in columns 8 and 9 are 
given the specific gravity and acidity of samples of extracted oil. 
That the refining of castor oil does not materially alter its chemical 
characteristics other than merely to remove the acid is shown in 
Table IX. Sample A represents a refined No. 1 oil the acidity of 
which had risen to 10 per cent, while sample B is from a batch of No. 
3 oil chemically refined. 
Taste IX.—Comparison of properties of representative samples of castor oils differing in 
acidity. 
| 
Properties compared. Sample A. Sample B. 
: hes ee : {At 15.25Bé. fAt15.70Bé, 
SPELLS STAVILY .------------ +--+ +e 20 ee ee eee ee ee ee ee eee ee eee eee eee eee aie at ee 
RaSh pointes SS Se Se 56 oe HS boas ee ee eee ee ge heal ge i See ene DoD. 
Wines Sees pans Eat Sek ee ee Re ee ee do....| 630. _......] 615. 
POUTEESES ate ee ee ee a ee eee dosi=s7032-2-2 5-5] 0. 
Vaseosity at 212° 2. ca. 2 see een 522 ee ee ee CES = be see ee 
PASH so eqcce Ses ese te Sas oO ae ee De a ee ee ee ee a ee NG} eae | @) 
Paial SapoOniiCatiOn: =. 22 -<< 2 <2 Ss eae ee ee ee | 180.85. ....| 182.48 
OGOr= 25. so5s soca SS Se Sa es ee a a ee ee | Castor | Castor 
WALCE soso - eco Sas See oe oot eccc oe Se se Ss Se eS eae Se eee | race 2 =- | Trace 
‘A: PPCaTAaNGe § {52-22 oS. 2 5 Soe cals See See eS eos te ee ee ee ee Sight yel— pier hee 
| low, pale}  greén 
fodstivalue: sce 40s s So oe ee ee ee eee eeS= Rete Sees ee 7 Sees 91. 
SOD Y.-S = >= Es eo ea eee Sg ee ee ee | Os Kee OK 
1 Trace, considerable alkalinity, but no sulphates. ? Trace, slight trace of alkalinity, but no sulphates. 
The following is an analysis of a single sample of No. 1 expeller oil 
containing properties not determined in the foregoing analyses: 
Sigh ar ies 5 oe eS eee Straw, very slight cloud. 
Odors Fe 8 te eee Mild. 
Specific gravity at 15.6° C. (60° F.}.. 0.963 = 15.4° Bé. 
Solubility in 90 per cent alcohol.... Completely soluble. 
Acid number...........---------:- 1.9 = 1 per cent free acid (as oleic). 
lodin- atamber:< 25.5) eS 2.7 
Saponification number........-.--- 18t-4- 
Viscosity== 2-2 Soc oe eee ee 98.6. 
Unsaponifiable matter (per cent)... 1.0. 
Hosin: = eee None. 
Adulterante: =4_5iee fi oe eee None detected. 
Samples of castor oil from various sources were heated to 400° F. 
for 1 hour to ascertain the effect of heating on the acidity. These 
results are given in Table X, and are reported as the percentage of 
acidity expressed as oleic. 
rea oe aes vo aa 
eee a ae 
. > :0UClUD eee ee ee ee a ee ee 
ed Ei alco 
