CASTOR-OIL INDUSTRY. 1 
selection and methods of planting, cultivating, and harvesting are 
being worked out. But the farmer who would raise castor beans 
as a crop will haye to be shown that he can receive more money 
per acre than he is receiving from his present crops before there 
will be a satisfactory home production of castor beans. Cost, 
yield, market, and profit are the determining factors. 
The relative consumption of castor beans in the great vegetable- 
oil producing countries for the years 1911 to 1913 is shown in Table 
VI. Exports are subtracted from imports, all figures being reported 
in the respective commerce returns. 
TaBLE VI.—Consumption of castor beans in the great vegetable-oil producing countries 
jor the years 1911, 1912, and 1913. 
Consumption of castor beans (bushels). 
Countries. = 
1911 1912 1913 
WimiediSitatesraan-sceson stacc aon oe oes eee ees Os a eate Sieve cele 790, 000 978, 000 824, 000 
Iara aKCimn ol ornielee see Mates Stee ea ES ened Pe TS 3 Te 1, 928, 000 1,856, 000 2, 132, 000 
JN RAGS? Soh Sop SS COD OS co ECE BEE Snes Hnre Ene ns Sn ame Seasrer 460, 369 663, 520 1, 006, 280 
Giorinl am yace eats eens aie ee eee Sk ee 336, 760 377, 720 419, 160 
1 Annual return of trade. 2 Tableau général du Commerce et de la Navigation. 
3 Auswirtige Handel-Statistik des Deutschen Reichs. 
The United Kingdom exported much of its home-crushed oil, 
leaving 3,624,000 gallons (14,495 tons) of oil consumed in 1913, 
figured by subtracting the exports from the imports, whether oil as 
such or calculated on a 45 per cent yield from the beans. The 
American consumption in the same year, 1913, figured similarly, 
was 2,314,045 gallons (9,250 tons). (See Table IV.) The figures 
for France and Germany only very roughly follow consumption, as 
the customs returns include this commodity with others. Hence 
the figures represent a maximum never attained by castor beans 
alone. 
THE INSPECTION OR VALUATION OF CASTOR BEANS.! 
The castor beans of commerce are bought on a standard form of 
contract of the Linseed Oil Association in New York City.2. If 3 per 
cent of impurities, or less, is present in any lot of beans no deduction 
or reward for impurities is made, but if more than 3 per cent is present 
a deduction is made for all over such a figure. These impurities 
include hulls, sand, and pebbles, sometimes stones 2 or 3 inches in 
diameter, occasionally extraneous seeds, and even foreign money. 
Beans from India usually run well under 3 per cent of impurities, 
1 Contributed by A. C. Goetz (Capt. A. S. Sig. R. C.), formerly in charge of the Chemical Supplies and 
Materials Section of the Production Division, Inspection Department, Bureau of Aircraft Production. 
2 The Linseed Oil Association of New York City is an association ofcrushers, brokers, commission men, 
etc., dealing in linseed oil, castor beans, and other oleaginous materials. 
