8 
BULLETIN 1325, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
small area of sandy loam bordering the Connecticut River, like the 
fields shown in Figure 4. South Deerfield is the largest shipping 
point, followed by Hadley and Hatfield. Yields range from 300 to 
600 bushels per acre, with great variations, not only on account of 
season but on account of the prevalence of disease in one section or 
another. The leading variety is the Yellow Danvers, and there is a 
small acreage of Red Wethersfield and of the White Globe. A small 
part of the production is grown from sets and harvested in July. 
The principal crop is raised from seed and harvested from August 
to October. Many of the growers are of Polish descent who have 
Fig. 4. — Harvesting Connecticut Valley onions 
immigrated to the valley since 1890. They devote most of their 
attention to small lots of onions or to high-grade tobacco, both 
highly specialized crops, requiring much labor in their production. 
Western New York. — In production and shipment of northern 
onions New York is often the leading State. Production is chiefly 
in two widely separated districts, known commercially as Western 
New York and Orange County. The Western New York district 
consists of a double row of counties along the southern shore of Lake 
Ontario, from Niagara, at the State's western boundary, to Oswego 
and Madison Counties, near the center of the State. Of this area, 
Wayne was the heaviest shipping county in 1921 and 1922, fol- 
