16 
BULLETIN 1325, U. 5. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
Northern-grown onions are usually marketed in open-weave 
paper-fiber or burlap sacks containing 100 pounds. The paper sacks 
permit good ventilation and show well-graded stock to advantage 
on the market. Some homegrown northern stock is graded in the 
field and put in hampers, which are convenient and satisfactory for 
the short-distance haul early in the season. (See fig. 11.) 
FINANCING THE CROP 
Money for producing and handling the onion crop is obtained 
under three prevailing plans : (1) By means of cash or credit sup- 
plied by dealers in return for control of the crop: (2) by means of 
loans or credit without contracting the crop: (3) by growing the 
crop on shares. The method described below as prevailing in Texas 
and California applies rather generally to the early crop. The 
Pig. 11. — Considerable '■ home-grown " stock is field graded, put up in hampers and 
trucked to market 
methods prevailing in the Connecticut Valley of Massachusetts, in 
Orange County. X. Y.. and in the Middle West are typical of the 
whole late-crop region. The chief difference between the various 
northern sections is the greater prevalence of share tenancy or crop 
sharing in sections where many of the growers are of foreign de- 
scent. Northern farm owners who are growers and who need out- 
side funds depend chiefly on banks, although fertilizer dealers ex- 
tend credit in most sections and store credit is frequently used in 
purchasing general supplies. 
TEXAS AND CALIFORNIA 
Certain onion growers in Texas and California are wholly or par- 
tially financed by dealers or commission merchants in the terminal 
markets. The Texas grower in some localities may receive from 
