30 BULLETIN 1415, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
Several of the larger southern cities each take about 40 cars a year. 
The home market is largest. Los Angeles takes about two-thirds of 
its car-lot supplies from California. 
SALES IN CITY MARKETS 
The great majority of boxed apples is handled, like other car-lot 
produce, through brokers,by car-lot receivers, and in turn by jobbers 
and by retailers. Commission dealers may be regarded as car-lot 
receivers, and there are many other variations and combinations. 
Auctions combine some of the functions of receivers and commission 
dealers. 
THE BROKER 
The broker is agent for the transaction between shipper or shipping 
association and dealer, or between dealer and dealer. It is his duty 
to represent the interest of the seller who may be far away from the 
distributing markets and to safeguard the interests of the buyer with 
an impartial service. He carries out the seller’s instructions, informs 
him of the conditions at the marketing centers, obtains and submits 
offers from buyers and assists In adjusting disputes or complications 
which may arise, superintends the sale, obtains agreements and 
deposits, collects and forwards the proceeds. 
THE CAR-LOT DEALER 
The car-lot dealer in boxed apples buys from the shipper through a 
broker or occasionally buys through his own agents in producing 
sections. He may resell through the regular fruit auction sales if 
located in large market centers, but generally he sells in less than car 
lots to jobbers. Sometimes his sales are made on track as the car is 
received, but in most cities sales are made from his store, often after 
a period of cold storage. Some concerns handle hundreds or even 
thousands of carloads yearly. In a few instances the concern has 
a large distributing organization which enables it to dispose of car 
lots or less to buyers throughout a wide consuming area. Sometimes 
these large distributors act as sales agents of cooperative associations, 
sales being made subject to confirmation by the association manager. 
A few of the large marketing organizations have their own brokers 
or employ traveling salesmen. 
THE JOBBER 
The jobber buys usually in less than car lots mainly from car-lot 
distributors or at the auction sales and he resells in smaller lots of 
one box or more to retailers, hotels, and peddlers. The jobber’s field 
is in the great market centers where the heavy receipts need quick 
handling and prompt distribution. His function is to connect the 
receiver and the retailer, neither of which has time or facilities for 
direct contact in trade. At the auctions also he obtains a profit as 
compensation for saving the time of retailers who can not come to 
the sale, inspect the goods, wait until the desired stock is put up for 
sale, and attend to the delivery of the purchase. 
