42 BULLETIN 1415, U. 8. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
Chicago is an important distributing center and supplies most of 
the apples consumed within a radius of 100 miles. There are some 10 
or 15 houses that make a specialty of selling to dealers and store- 
keepers in the surrounding towns; and, during the season of boxed 
apples, it is seldom that a shipment of any size to these outside points 
is without at least a few boxes of apples. 
During the past few years Chicago dealers have tried hard tc 
increase consumption of boxed apples. Undoubtedly the demand has 
gained materially. Storekeepers have played an important part by 
advocating buying whole boxes of apples rather than the isieel pound 
or two. 
A large car-lot business is transacted here, usually from broker to 
large wholesaler or jobber, after which the cars are jobbed out to the 
commission houses, and from these pass to the retail grocers and 
peddlers. Nearly all dealers have stores in the market district, and 
although they may call themselves commission merchants, whole- 
salers, jobbers, or what not, nearly all of them do a certain amount of 
selling to retail grocers or peddlers. The peddlers are an especially 
convenient means of working off stock that will not keep much 
longer. The auction business constitutes approximately 30 per cent 
of the total. 
The three leading varieties in order of importance are: Jonathan, 
Winesap, and Delicious. The last-named variety would undoubtedly 
head the list but for the fact that it is usually nearly twice as high in 
price as the other varieties and this naturally curtails the consumption. 
The boxed-apple market lasts from about the middle of September, 
when the California Gravensteims make their appearance on the 
market, until around the first of June, the latest varieties being the 
Winesap and Delicious. The desirable sizes are 80s to 150s, with 
usually a preference for the Fancy and Extra Fancy grades. The C 
_ grade is a poor seller. 
CLEVELAND 
Boxea stock formed 28 per cent of the total cars of apples unloaded 
at Cleveland during the six-year period 1918 to 1923. As in several 
other markets, eastern and midwestern, Washington supplies 80 to 
90 per cent of the total boxed receipts which average around 440 
cars per year. Heavy shipments are made from the near-by barreled- 
apple sections, largely from the State of New York. During recent 
seasons, at least 90 per cent of the boxed apples received have been 
marketed at auction. One of the brokers has estimated that an 
average of 15 to 25 per cent of the boxed apples sold at the auction 
goes to out-of-town buyers. Very few are bought by the receiver 
and jobbed in local lots, as the stock can be purchased at the auction 
as cheaply or even more cheaply at times than the receiver can afford 
to sell it. 
CINCINNATI 
Cincinnati has been considered a barreled-apple market, but the 
western apple, probably because of its more convenient package, the 
care exercised in grading and packing, and its general attractiveness, 
is gaining in popularity. In 1918, using the carload as a basis of 
computation, the consumption of boxed apples approximated one- 
fifth that of those in barrels, but in 1923 the proportion was three- 
