MARKETING WESTERN BOXED APPLES 65 
proportionately 70 per cent and 146 per cent. Nearly one-third of 
the gain in shipments was accounted for in the greater volume of 
unloads at the 12 cities. In 1921, a short crop year for barreled 
apples, shipments of boxes increased about 20,000 to 56,871 cars. In 
1922 the quantity dropped by more than 11,000 to 46,290 cars, and 
in 1923 it advanced to 63,005, or 46 per cent of the combined boxed 
and barreled shipments for that year. Total shipments from both 
sections, as well as total unloads are more nearly steady from year 
to year, a short crop in either boxed or barreled section tending to 
stimulate distribution in the competing region, although both show 
a tendency to increase over a period of years. This discussion is 
based on car-lot quantities as given in Table 7. 
A more definite comparison with barreled stock is illustrated in 
Figure 28, using the bushel as a basis. It is estimated that a car 
APPLES: CAR-LOT UNLOADS AT 12 CITIES, BY REGIONS, AVERAGE OF 
CALENDAR YEARS 1918 TO 1923 (EXPRESSED IN BUSHELS) 
THOUSANDS OF BUSHELS 
fe) : 1000 2,000 3,000 4,000 
NEW YORK WYLLIE EEE 
CHICAGO VULUULILLL LAU LLLLLLLUDLLLLIT ELL LLLLLLLULLOLIDDLED 
PITTSBURGH PYLE 
PHILADELPHIA Se. 
st.LoOUIS Fe 
CLEVELAND MMB Western Boxed-Apple Region 
CINCINNATI Barreled-Apple Region 
BOSTON WLLL 
DETROIT eon 
KANSAS CITY Ba 
MINNEAPOLIS PB 
ST. PAUL “a 
Fic, 27.—Car-lot unloads are compared in bushels on the basis of 756 bushels to a car of boxed apples 
and 525 to a car of barreled 
oi boxed apples contains 756 boxes or bushels. The number of 
barrels to a car varies but an average of 175 standard barrels, or 
525 bushels is used. 
INCREASING THE DEMAND 
Development of new markets and increasing the sales in the old 
markets are the obvious means of improving the demand. Coop- 
erative associations, private sales agencies, and dealers at shipping 
points keep in close daily touch with brokers by wire and corre- 
spondence to learn whether large markets, as well as the adjacent 
towns and cities are well supplied. Salesmen are kept on the road 
to push the sale of individual brands. They work to increase the 
sale of boxed apples in the larger centers and to explore and develop 
smaller neglected markets. 
A year of partial failure of the eastern crop offers special oppor- 
tunity for entering new consuming markets. The decline of the 
88140°—26——_5 
