76 BULLETIN 1464, IT. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
of them, which are practically all of an age to be termed stackers, 
are offered during the late summer and fall months. 
Choice or No. 1. — Choice or No. 1 grade feeder and stacker heifers 
are much superior in conformation, finish, and quality. The head is 
short and wide and the neck is short. They are compact, the body 
being wide and deep in proportion to its length, and the legs, which 
are set wide apart, are short in proportion to depth of body. Top 
and underlines are straight and level but not infrequently the lines of 
the sides tend to converge at a point in front of the animal owing to 
slightly less width through the shoulders than through the hips. The 
animal has a good middle, the crops being moderately full and the 
chest wide and deep; the back and loins are straight and wide and 
the ribs are long and well sprung. The belly is wide and deep but 
not paunchy, and the rear flank is low. The hips are wide ; the rump 
is wide and deep and the tail head is set even with the rest of the 
back line. The thigh is wide and deep and the twist is also deep, 
with the seam of the twist appearing low. The fleshing of each part 
is moderately thick and has its proper proportionate thickness. The 
lines of the animal appear slightly plump, full, and well-rounded. 
The development and balance of the different parts indicate that the 
animal when finished and slaughtered will have- a high percentage 
of ribs, loins, and rounds in its carcass. 
The fat covering of the animal is moderately thick and is smooth 
and uniform in its distribution. There are moderately large deposits 
of fat in the brisket, flanks, and twist, causing these parts to be mod- 
erately distended or rounded out. 
The animal is moderately refined and neat and trim in general 
appearance. The bones of the legs are of medium size with the 
joints smooth and free from coarseness. The hide is loose, moder- 
ately pliable, and of medium thickness and the hair is fine. The eyes 
are large and bright, indicating that the animal has a quiet disposi- 
tion. The flesh is usually firm. 
Animals of this grade are almost without exception high-grades, 
crossbreds, or purebreds of beef type. Load lots may vary slightly 
in color, age, and weight, and may be made up of individuals of the 
different breeds of beef -type cattle. They range from around 6 
months up to about 30 months old, but very few of them are ever 
18 months old. They are usually on sale in limited numbers at the 
large central markets during the late summer and fall months, but 
are very scarce throughout the rest of the year. 
Good or No. 2. — Good or No. 2 grade feeder and stacker heifers 
have a moderately high degree of conformation, finish, and quality. 
The head is moderately short and wide and the neck is moderately 
short. They are moderately compact. The body is moderately wide 
and deep in proportion to its length, with the legs, which are set 
moderately wide apart, moderately short in proportion to depth of 
body. Top and underlines tend to be straight and level. The lines 
of the sides also tend to be straight and parallel but usually converge 
somewhat toward a point in front of the animal, because of somewhat 
less width through the shoulders than through the hips. The animal 
has a moderately good middle, the crops being moderately full and 
the chest moderately wide and deep. The back and loins are mod- 
erately straight and wide and the ribs are moderately long and well 
