FOOD PLANTS OF THE GIPSY MOTH IN AMERICA. 21 
SHINGLE Oak (Quercus imbricaria Michx.). 
This oak is a favored food for gipsy-moth larve, especially after the first 
stage. A good proportion of male and female moths were reared. 
No field observations were made on this species. 
SwAMP WHITE OAK (Quercus bicolor Willd.). 
The feeding in the trays was not quite as free on this species as on some of the 
oaks, but a fair percentage of adults were reared. 
The field observers do not all agree as to the favorability of the species, as 
some consider it the most favored oak, while others find that it is not preferred 
as much as other oaks. 
WHITE Oak (Quercus alba L.). 
This species does not put out foliage until after the other oaks and other 
trees in the combinations have come into leaf. The larve feed on the swelling 
buds, and many desert this species for the red, black, and scarlet oaks. This 
accounts for the early stripping of the other species. 
Tray work and field observations show that the white oak is probably the 
most favored food plant of the gipsy moth. 
OSAGE ORANGE (Tozylon pomiferum [Raf.]). 
Tray experiments with this species show it is not a favored food. No pupe 
were obtained and but few larve reached the second stage. 
No field observations were made. 
PEAR (Pyrus communis L.). 
Pear foliage will sustain life in the gipsy-moth larve and carry them through 
to the adult, as shown by Mr. Collins’s experiments at Worcester, but the 
larve and adults were very small and weak. 
In the field but very little feeding has been noted on this foliage. 
PERSIMMON (Diospyros virginiana L.). 
This is not a favorable food plant, as but very few larve passed from one stage 
to the next stage, and growth was very slow. 
No field observations. 
PitcH PINE (Pinus rigida Miil.). 
_Iu the tray experiments no aduits were obtained from larvy#® started before 
the fourth stage, but from this stage both male and female moths were 
produced. 
In the field the observers note feeding by the fourth, fifth, and sixth stage 
larvee when pitch pine is growing with gray birch. The feeding is mostly 
confined to the old needles, the new growth seldom being attacked. 
Rep Prine (Pinus resinosa Ait.). 
In the tray work with this species almost no feeding was observed until 
larve in the third stage were placed upon it. These, however, did not live 
beyond the fourth stage. The feeding was done by eating notches in the old 
needles. 
In the field, larvee were seen to feed upon red pine from the third to the 
sixth stages. In the last three stages they sometimes cause severe stripping. 
