34 
BULLETIN 12-58, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
clover-seed production, while that of wheat was less than any of 
he other years, except 1916 and 1917. 
In 1916 sales of hay, clover seed, and colts, and receipts from out- 
side work were each more than sales of wheat; and in 1917 sales of 
hay and colts exceeded those of wheat, not because of a perceptible 
increase in the production or relative prices of any of these, but be- 
cause of the very low production of wheat. 
While hogs brought in more money every year than any other 
branch of the farm industry of the area, frequently some other en- 
terprises brought in more money than hogs on some of the farms. 
An enterprise of minor importance to the area as a whole brought in 
most money on a few of the farms. (See Table 33.) 
Table 33. — The items of largest receipt 
Item of largest receipt. 
1910 
1913 
1914 
1915 
1916 
1917 
1918 
1919 
Hogs 
No. 
farms. 
63 
15 
9 
7 
2 
No. 
farms. 
58 
29 
4 
§" 
1 
1 
2 
No. 
farms. 
70 
19 
4 
1 
4 
1 
i" 
No. 
farms. 
58 
28 
5 
5 
No. 
farms. 
61 
33 
2 
No. 
farms. 
83 
7 
6 
No. 
farms. 
68 
7 
10 
8 
4 
1 
No. 
farms. 
58 
Corn -. 
29 
Oats 
4 
Wheat 
6 
Cattle 
2 
2 
Poultry and eggs 
1 
1 
_. 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
Colts .- - 
2 
1 
Outside labor 
1 
1 
2 
Rye 
Hay 
1 
Sorghum sirup 
1 
1 
1 
|- 
FARM EXPENSES. 
The 8-year average farm expenses were 34 per cent of the farm 
receipts, and although they were about 70 per cent higher the last 
4-year period than the first, they maintained practically the same 
relation to the receipts in both 4-year periods. (See fig. 7.) Of the 
items listed as farm expenses in Table 1 that for purchased feeds 
was highest, representing 19 per cent of the farm expenses; taxes 
were second, representing 18 per cent of the farm expenses. Repair 
and depreciation of machinery, buildings, and fences, amounting to 
$175, and hired labor, amounting to $172, each represented 17 per 
cent of the farm expenses; family labor, 8 per cent; machine work 
hired, 5 per cent; and purchased seeds, 4 per cent of the total farm 
expenses. These items totaled $916 per farm, or 88 per cent of the 
total expenses (fig. 8). 
In comparing the increase in expenses of the last 4-year period 
over that of the first period, the items of feed bought, seeds bought, 
and fertilizer, show very large increases. With low production of 
corn in 1917 and 1918, the livestock production was maintained on 
these farms by additional purchases of feeds, mostly corn. The 
large increase in seed expense was largely due to the very high price 
of clover seed. More fertilizer was bougnt the latter period than the 
former. Up until the latter period, wheat was often sown without 
application of commercial fertilizer, but during the latter years of the 
investigation all wheat received an application of fertilizer. The 
