46 BULLETIN 1178, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.© 
The results presented in Table 26 show that cultivation of growing 
wheat was not justified. 
RATE-AND-DATE-OF-SEEDING EXPERIMENTS. 
The time when wheat is sown and the rate at which it is sown may 
markedly influence yields. The time and rate of sowing wheat affect 
the stand obtained, the tillering of the plants, the quantity and length 
of straw, and the time of ripening. These also may be influenced by 
other factors, such as viability of the seed, method of seed treatment 
for bunt, condition of the seed bed, depth of sowing, winterkilling, soil 
moisture, and plant food in the soil. The reason for a thin stand 
frequently may be difficult to determine on account of the number 
of factors involved. A thin stand of wheat generally is not desirable. 
It gives weeds a better chance to grow and thereby may seriously 
reduce yields, or in the absence of weeds a thin stand may not produce 
enough plants or heads to obtain maximum yields. A stand also may 
be so thick that there will be msufficient moisture to enable the crop 
to mature properly. 
Rate and date of sowing experiments with both winter and spring 
wheat were carried on at the three stations, Moro, Lind, and Nephi. 
At each station the experiment was on fallowed ground, plowed early 
and kept free from weeds. 
RESULTS AT MORO. 
WINTER WHEAT. 
Experiments to determine the best rates and dates of sowing for Tur- 
key winter wheat were conducted at Moro, Oreg., during the six years 
from 1916 to 1921, inclusive. Rate of sowimg experiments were 
conducted also in 1914 and 1915. The date of sowing was not the 
same each year, varying according to the time at which moisture con- 
ditions were favorable to begin sowing. The earliest date was 
September 9 and the latest December 1. Five sowings, at about 
two-week intervals, were made in the fall of 1916, 1917, and 1921, and 
four sowings in the fall of 1918, 1919, and 1920. 
The quantity of seed sown, shown in Table 27 as pecks per acre, 
indicates where the drill was set and not the actual pounds of seed 
sown. All the seed was soaked in a standard formaldehyde solution 
for five minutes to kill bunt spores and allowed to dry about 24 hours 
before sowing. 
Turkey wheat increases in volume from 20 to 30 per cent after 
treatment. Treated seed does not run through the drill as readily as 
untreated seed. The actual number of pounds of seed sown was about 
one-fourth less than that indicated in Table 27. : 
Table 27 shows that there were rather wide variations each year 
in the yields of single plats sown at different rates or on different 
dates. Table 28 gives a summary of the yields obtained in these 
experiments with winter wheat at Moro, showing only the average 
acre yields obtained from each rate and date of sowing in the years 
1916 to 1921, inclusive. 
The two earliest average dates of sowing, September 17 and 
October 2, gave the highest average yields, as is shown in Tables 27 
and 28. The yields obtained from each of the three later sowings, 
October 14, October 30, and November 19, are significantly less than 
