CONTROL OF DECAY IN PULP AND PULP WOOD 
25 
In view of the incompleteness of the alkaline pulping action, it is 
doubtful whether the chemical data for these pulps has much signifi- 
cance with regard to decay in the wood. 
Table 11. — Analyses oj 
spruce 
sotia pulps 
Sample 
No. 
Description 
So 
0373 
So 
O 
O CO 
co 
0*0 
as 
si 
= 1 
a 
a 
bo 
3 


3 
a 
< 
*0 CD 
cs3 
CD 
pq 

d cd 
1 
O 
a 
c3 
CO 

fl 
CD 
P4 
P.C< 
7.8 
4.5 
x=co 
«i 
v-i a 
P.<rf 
0.7 
2.7 
.a 
2559 
2557 
From slightly decayed spruce 
No. 25601 
From badly decayed spruce No. 
2541 
P.ct 
0.8 
.6 
P.ct 
0.2 
.0 
P.rt 
1.0 
.7 
P.ct 
3.2 
7.0 
P.d 
6.6 
13.6 
2.6 
7.9 
P.d 
9.6 
38.3 
P.ct 
89.4 
56.4 
P.ct 
57.1 
23.3 
P.ct 
39.1 
69.7 
P.ri 
3.8 
7.0 
Pet 
1.17 
2.08 
1 Decayed spruce wood, sample No. 25G0, was not analyzed, but was comparable to spruce No. 2545. 
(See Table 7.) 
GENERAL DISCUSSION OF CHEMICAL DATA 
Even the limited amount of data obtained in this study clearly 
indicates the value of chemical analysis as an aid in studying the 
progress of decay and its effect upon yield and quality of pulp. The 
analytical tests which seem to offer the greatest promise in this 
direction are tests for cellulose content and for solubility in water 
and in 1 per cent NaOH, together with possible determinations of 
alpha, beta, and gamma cellulose. It is not unlikely that a quanti- 
tative relation between some or all of these values and the degree of 
decay, as evidenced by the pulping value of the wood, can be worked 
out for the different species. A qualitative parallelism at least, has 
been clearly demonstrated for spruce woods, and this persists in the 
mechanical and sulphite pulps made from them. The tests for solu- 
bility in hot water and, especially, in 1 per cent NaOH are easy to 
apply, and ought to prove correspondingly valuable. The deter- 
mination of total cellulose content, and of alpha, beta, and gamma 
cellulose, are more difficult operations, and are not likely to afford 
much information beyond confirmation of the results indicated by 
the solubility tests. Furthermore, relatively small amounts of decay 
appear to be reflected with greater definiteness by the solubility in 
alkali than by any of the other tests. 
STORAGE OF PULP 
Chemical pulps, as a rule, are stored indoors. Ground wood, on 
the other hand, is often stored in the open in large, compact piles 
up to 20 or 30 feet high (PI. X, fig. 1). It is also stored in unheated 
closed sheds, or in the warm basements of the mills. It contains 
about 70 per cent moisture as it comes from the wet machines. 
Occasionally it is piled on concrete bases; more often it is piled on 
planks or slabs (Pi. X, fig. 2) which are commonly infected with 
wood-destroying fungi and ready to transmit the infection to the 
stock. (See PI. X, fig. 3.) In some cases it is piled directly on the 
ground, or on older, sometimes badly infected, pulp. (See PL X, 
fig. 4.) For lack of suitable storage space, piles are often placed 
on low, swampy ground amid a luxuriant growth of grass and weeds. 
(See PL XI, fig. 1.) In some instances piles are placed in poorly 
