CONTROL OF DECAY IN PULP AND PULP WOOD 
23 
may be assumed thai the grinding process pulverized to a large extent tlie 
portion of wood which had suffered decay, and that after the removal of 
this finely divided matter, as well as the water-soluble products, the residual 
pulps had more nearly the properties of pulp made from sound wood. 
Table 8.- 
—Analyses of spr 
uce t 
jroundwood pulp 
Sample 
No. 
Description 
o 
c8 © 
. 3 
O 
© 
H 
© 
s 
"o 
co 
© 
2« 
■ © 
H 
"^ c3 
a 
3 
a 
u. S3 
& 
a 
1 
8 
o 
■a 
3 
°© 
XJ. 
a 
© 
s 
3 
1 
03 
3 
P c 
03 
3 
03 
O 
a 
7* CO 
© 
U 
H 
W 
- 1 
t-K 
u 
h1 
u 
<{ 
m 

ft 
y 
P.ct. 
P.ct. 
P.ct. 
P.ct. 
P.d. 
P.c*. 
P.c*. 
P.ct. 
p.rf. 
P.rt. 
P.rf. 
P.c*. 
1AA 
From sound wood No. 1. 
0.0 
1.0 
0.4 
10.1 
18.3 
4.4 
29.7 
60. fl 
60.5 
24.5 
15.0 
11.9 
2.0 
2AB 
From decayed wood 
No. 2546 
.6 1.4 
.8 
17.7 
27.4 
6.6 
29.7 
59.6 58.7 
20.7 
20.6 
10.3 
2.6 
HEMLOCK, BALSAM, AND ASPEN WOODS 
Chemical analysis was made of sound and decayed hemlock woods, 
Nos. 2554 and 2542, and of decayed aspen wood, No. 2552, all 
previously described in connection with the pulping tests. A sample 
of aspen, No. 2551, freshly cut at Madison, Wis., was analyzed as 
representative of sound wood. Sound balsam wood, No. 2550, from 
Minnesota, and decayed balsam wood, No. 2553, from Wisconsin, 
were also analyzed. 
The results are shown in Table 9. That none of these cases had 
reached a very advanced stage of decay is substantiated by the 
relatively small difference between the data for the sound and the 
affected material. Further substantiation is found in the results of 
the chemical pulping tests of the hemlock, already described, in 
which very little difference appeared in the yields obtained from 
the two stakes of this wood. (See Tables 3 and 4.) The effect of 
decay is evidenced by increased solubility in water and in NaOH, 
and by decreased stability of the cellulose as measured by the alpha, 
beta, and gamma cellulose. Mechanically, it is reflected in the 
decreased strength of both the soda and the sulphite pulps. In the 
case of the sound aspen, since the material that was pulped (see 
Table 3) was not the same as that analyzed, the pulping and analyt- 
ical data are not directly comparable. The similarity of the analyt- 
ical data for the two states of the wood suggests, however, that 
decay had not reached an advanced stage in No. 2552. 
Table 9. — Chemical data on sound and decayed hemlock, aspen, and balsam 
3 
, 
N 
w 
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3 
6 
6 
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ft 
a 
Description 
"3 
09 
So 
F 
-3 
CO 
o 
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2 
3 
CO 
1 
o 
■ 3 
"5"3 
CO 
ft 
o 
03 
S.S 
. o 
aw 
| 
3 
a 
© 
ft 
n 
o 
3 
I 
© 
1 
=©■ 
o 
1 
c3 
£} 
ft 
© 
CO 
O 
3 
1 
03 
© 
1 
o 
— CO 
a^ 
a 
03 
a 
C3 
s 
3 
© 
3 
K 
£3 
© 
•9 
TO 
o 
m 
W 
* 
r^ 
u 
-1 
P.ct. 
u 
P.ct. 
< 
- 
P.ct. 
O 
P.ct. 
- 
P. rt. 
P. rt. 
< 
P rt 
P rt 
P rt 
P.ct. 
P rt 
P.ct. 
P. rt. 
2554 
Sound hemlock 
2.9 
4.1 
0.5 
li.:. 21. <i 
7.3 
35.8 
50.6 
57.6 24.4 IN. 
9. o 
2.7 
0.7 
2542 
Decayed hemlock.. 
4 8 
6.0 
.7 
20. 2 29. 
8.2 
31.0 
53. 1 
2 iy.o 
6. - 
6.6 
.8 
2551 
Sound aspen... ... 
?, 6 
3.5 
2.1 
20. 8 33. 9 
4.8 
26.6 
58.3 23.3 18. \ 
.2 
.8 
2552 
3.4 
4.7 
1.7 
24. 1 32. 7 
5.8 
26. 3 
55.9 
55.6 28. 6 15.9 
is. 3 
.0 
1.0 
2550 
.5 
1 3 
1.0 
10. 1 18. 
6.1 
31.5 
50.5 
i) 23.5 
in. 2 
2.4 
.4 
2553 
Decayed balsam... 
6.5 
9.4 
.7 
22. 8 30. 6 
8.3 
30.5 
52.8 
54.8 27.4 17.8 
y. l 
2.6 
1.2 
