12 BULLETIN 1274, U. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE 
SYMPTOMS IX SHEEP AND CATTLE 
In sheep and cattle, as in the pigs, the first effect of the plant 
was depression. This was followed by extreme weakness with la- 
bored respiration, gasping, and spasmodic movements of the limbs. 
Plate III, Figure 3. shows this condition of extreme depression in 
sheep G36. In some cases there was evidence of hyperesthesia and 
in the cattle there was a peculiar trembling or quivering of the 
muscles. Vomiting was not noted in either cattle or sheep. 
SYMPTOMS IX CHICKEXS 
The symptoms in chickens were not especially characteristic. As 
in the other animals there was marked depression, followed by 
weakness and in one case, chicken 33. a distinct condition of coma. 
There were no spasmodic movements, although in one case there 
was some struggling just before death. 
AUTOPSY FIXDIXGS 
Autopsies were made on 7 pigs, 1 sheep, 2 cattle, and 2 chickens. 
The pictures presented by these examinations were not of a uni- 
form character in details but showed some outstanding features. 
The parts especially affected were the alimentary canal, the liver, 
and to a lesser degree, other glandular structures. 
In the pigs the walls of the stomach were more or less congested, 
the stomach congestion in the cattle being confined to the fourth 
stomach. This congestion extended, in some cases, to a greater or 
less degree, to the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon. 
Where this congestion occurred there was a tendency to thickening 
of the walls with a serous infiltration. 
In the sheep and pigs the liver was congested or spotted, while 
in the cattle it was bluish. The walls of the gall bladder, and in 
some cases those of the common bile duct, were thickened and the 
bile was thick and viscid. 
The spleen in some cases appeared congested and a similar condi- 
tion was found in some of the lymph glands, especially those of the 
abdominal cavity. 
In some cases there was an accumulation of a serous infiltration 
about the gall bladder and ducts and there was generally an excess 
of serum in the abdominal cavity. These conditions varied in the 
different animals and did not appear uniformly by any means; this 
was especially true of the pigs the only abnormal condition com- 
mon to a majority being the congested stomach. 
The cattle presented a more nearly uniform picture, each animal 
having a congested fourth stomach, bluish liver, thickened gall blad- 
der, congested spleen, serous infiltration about gall bladder and ducts, 
and abnormal suprarenals. It should be noted, however, that the 
thickened gall bladder may have been due, in part at least, to the 
(hikes with which the cattle were infested. 
In one of the two chickens antopsied there were no abnormal con- 
ditions: in the other there were petachise on the heart, an unusual 
quantity of pericardia] fluid, the serous fluid of the abdominal cavity 
bloody, i he crop showed slight inflammation, and the gall blad- 
der was distended. 
