CLEARING LAND IN THE LAKE.STATES. Ike) 
machine a pulling radius of nearly 350 feet. The other tools used 
were 15 feet of 14-inch double-power cable, 14 feet of 14-inch cable, 
shovels, axes, a bar, and a mattock. 
The pine of the tract had been logged about 30 years ago. 
The hardwood had been cut off seven or eight years ago, except 
where noted. The hardwood stumps were so rotten that they were 
very easy to remove. - The tract had been burned repeatedly since 
logeing. Scarcely any vegetation or sod was left to retard the 
work of cleaning the soil from the stumps. There was a very scat- 
tering growth of poplar and bird cherry, averaging about 3 feet in 
height on the tract. Included in the 290 stumps were 76 “snags’’— 
stumps that had been burned close to the ground, leaving the roots 
in the ground. These snags are fully as hard to remove as the average 
stump. The stumps were piled later in the year by means of a gin 
pole. Details as to the kinds and sizes of the stumps and particulars 
relative to the cost of stumping are given in Table IV. 
TaBLeE [V.—Stumps pulled and cost of labor and material used on tract No, 4. 
IXINDS AND SIZES OF STUMPS. 
Diameter of stumps (inches). 
| Total 
Kind of stumps. Abe! Sei On| a2 |e 14 | 16 | 18°} 20 |.22 | 24 | 26 | 28 | 30 | 34 | 36 Ree 
stumps. 
Number of stumps: 
Walnniey jou e as 4 wee va ey eT A ies aie Sra tt 1 4 Silo SOu LO alOy ion | Wa) 07 it 6 | 149 
INOEWa yi pimes sae 52 PE GI. Sev =e el a eT A Ll Lig Mints coe aA a RL eta be ed 14 
NSC CC Ly eet a Sahai sve = Sao este Nea (aN resin AI ae idee Ne el ho tL ee |e ilal 
Ma plemaee eae ees Hie PSS alhle Gl ead Sy aE g(a eke SE aaa PTR ao 16 
AemMOCk ate: seme ocala ed Fes OS APN UBT cel 70) a ken PASE es pp | Wa ene OR UL 17 
TBST ols re ilbeny Lee eCity Meal Ninoaaa il yh el EN a LAU A a Te HA dU LD | Hse 2 
SGC) Clee eR I ak PR Nv ee ig FNS ELGAR 8 i a fey a a a SUA oR ay een | ha 2 
IPO Ones es Sas Bae ee Ae | ee ae | ane Tg Tae te Mees Sha [| ec fg Sere Pe acm Ay RL LO ea 1 
Greemhandsmapleeree: see\leee sess | ea. ss eremNel DROUIN eps ie va Ral eye al 7 he ats li Seca) Na Nae 1 
Green white pine.-......|----|-2 alee A ic a es Al aml BEF | hae al eg Da (ap 1 
| 
NOG a epee eee aetaen il Sleds oles oso lal: QELS SOLS 21 Hy Gi AS eT 1 6 | 1214 
IN ONAN ONE OL STORE A Ae A | eI eal ae ee a BCID Fe APOE Tal ef [NL foe be eis 76 
Motalion2+Jikaenes\ees\ aie | ee eet Boma ealeae ewes Beale clhe |e nee eelt val ab Ts 2 290 
LABOR AND MATERIAL USED IN STUMPING. 3 
Cost. 
Days em- 
Item. ployed. 
Perdiem.}| Total. 
Crew: 
AM AG MiNVE MTOM AOA Ay SieACh sue Ns Ro. Lys eel ASE er 12 $1. 75 $21. 00 
PAMTCMNCORCLeAMesuUIM PS ao.days each) 60 Svea le Sale el lee. 12 e705) 21.00 
NEE CAMB AIN ELC ATING LE TAP aia a YL AD aera a nes i ee Ie REN 6 4.00 24. 00 
(OIGV@ OF, TOWEL OUTS SS etsy Gk oof NER AA Oca 6 150 9. 00 
iliimorcradabpinmumos estimate ds). Wilaml et PA yin aly hea ll eT ee ae 70. 00 
SOUS cect oe ee SEB plane EE Phe Gen Er VD VSO Te a eG (a Ce | eee ee a 145. 00 
EN SPCR] TOP BHO SS PSS es Ee MEAN a Ve lO en Wa 5. 99 
ENPOTRLO TORI SHOUTING ay 8) 27 sie EMRE a Py a ae a can eo UP ed eA 50 
1 Average diameter of the 214 stumps, 19.85 inches. 
2 Average number of stumps per acre, 12. 
3 Time of clearing, 6 days, July 28 to Aug. 4, 1913. 
