12 BULLETIN 933, TJ. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE. 
is unsatisfactory. Along the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers it is 
found in draws leading down to the streams, where branches have 
been cut through the bluffs. These draws contain a considerable 
quantity of walnut which may be regarded as here marking the most 
northerly limit of growth in commercial amounts. 
Missouri. — Missouri ranks first in the amount of its standing wal- 
nut. The distribution of the walnut is somewhat uneven on account 
of the diverse topographic, soil, and climatic conditions. North of 
the Missouri River these conditions resemble those of Iowa, and the 
river bottoms and moist draws support relatively large stands of 
walnut in mixture with oaks, elm, hackberry, and, sometimes, along 
larger streams, cottonwood. The quality is good, although the trees 
do not, as a rule, reach a very large size. South of the Missouri 
River, in the western part of the State not included in the Ozark 
Hills, the conditions are more like those of eastern Kansas, and the 
proportion of walnut to other hardwoods is even greater. The third 
division of Missouri — the Ozark region — occupies most of the State 
south of the Osage River. Here walnut is found everywhere in the 
bottom-land forests, though rarely in pure groves. On the slopes 
and uplands it is absent. In the aggregate there is a large amount 
still standing in the Ozark region, and in more remote districts there 
is doubtless much excellent stuff, for even at the height of the war 
demand walnut was seldom cut farther than 20 miles' from the rail- 
roads. There are probably 2,200 square miles of this more remote 
section from which only the best veneer logs have been removed. 
Under present market and labor conditions this region is virtually 
inaccessible. The fourth region is the heavily wooded southeast 
portion of the State from St. Louis southward, comprising the 
Mississippi bottom lands. Walnut is found here, scattered through 
the bottom-land hardwood forest, but in quantities too small for 
general commercial exploitation. 
Nebraska. — In the southeast corner oi the State there is a great 
deal of walnut along stream bottoms, but north of the Platte it is 
less abundant, and is found in commercial amounts chiefly near the 
Missouri River in draws where creeks break through the bluffs. 
Kansas. — In eastern Kansas walnut is a very prominent constituent 
of the bottom-land forests for long distances, frequently composing 
30 per cent of the stand. It is nearly always associated with elm and 
is usually second in importance to this tree, which extends to drier 
lands than the walnut. Hackberry is very frequent, and bur oak, 
white oak, and many other species may also be found in smaller 
amounts. Occasionally the stand will be pure Avalnut over areas of 
5 to 20 acres, but mixed stands are the rule- Walnut is sometimes 
found on the northern slopes of the river bluffs among oaks and elms-, 
usually where the slope is gentle and the soil is deep, especially near 
