BLACK WALNUT! ITS GROWTH AND MANAGEMENT. 3 
although usually in the sections outside its range occasional shade 
trees only are found. 
COMMERCIAL RANGE. 
The commercial range is also very wide, extending in places almost 
to the limits of the botanical range, the value of walnut being suffi- 
cient to warrant the cutting and shipment of amounts as small as 
part of the range from as far as Kerrville, Uvalde, and New Braun- 
point. 
During the war the commercial range was probably wider than 
ever before except toward the southwest, where the quality of the 
wood is unsuitable for lumber. Some of the outlying shipping points 
in the northern part of the range were Crofton, Nebr. (some of the 
logs coming from near Yankton, S. Dak.), Garden City, Minn., and 
Ferryville and Madison, Wis. Michigan shipments have come from 
as far as 80 miles north of the Indiana line and from an island in 
the Detroit River. In the northeastern part of the range, the region 
about Geneseo, N. Y., and Long Island mark the outermost points 
at which commercial amounts have been found. In the southeastern 
portion logs have come from the region of Columbia, S. C, from a 
mill operated for a time at Columbus, Ga., and from another at Mont- 
gomery, Ala., although only a part of the logs were obtained in the 
locality. West of the Mississippi, logs haA^e come from as far south 
as Shreveport, La., and along the Red River ; and in the southwestern 
part of the range from as far as Kerrville, Uvalde, and New Braun- 
fels, Tex. In the western region logs came from as far as Thomas, 
Okla. ; Great Bend, on the Arkansas River in Kansas ; and Stockton, 
on the Solomon. No records of shipments have come from very far 
west in Nebraska, Crete being about the limit. 
The best natural development of walnut is to be found probably 
in the Ohio River Basin, in the southern Appalachians, or in Arkan- 
sas. The best groves placed on the market in late years were at Dan- 
ville, 111., and Excelsior Springs, Mo. ; but this was because the old 
original stands had been preserved through the personal desires of 
the owners rather than because of any exceptional growing condi- 
tions. That exceptionally large trees are not limited to any particular 
region is shown by the widely distant points from which large logs 
have been obtained for various expositions. A 12-foot log, 52 inches 
in diameter, from Jackson County, N. C, was exhibited at the Cen- 
tennial Exposition, Philadelphia, in 1876; and a 16-foot log, 77 inches 
in diameter, from Mormon Creek, Bates County, Mo., at the World's 
Fair, Chicago, in 1893. A 20-foot log, 52 inches in diameter, from the 
Osage Reservation of the Indian Territory, was secured for exhibi- 
tion at the Paris Exposition, in 1900. 
